Nonspecific ulcerative colitis: diet and nutrition rules на flymega.ru

UC – Nonspecific ulcerative colitis - is a chronic disease associated with problems of the colon or rectum. Painful areas of the mucous membrane are subject to inflammatory processes, which are extremely difficult to resist without medications and a proper diet.

According to statistics, a disease such as UC is detected in more than 5% of people. Most of them are occupied, as a rule, by women.

Therapeutic dietary nutrition for patients with symptoms of complications of digestive diseases is intended, first of all, for a speedy recovery and the establishment of proper functioning of the mucous surfaces of the entire intestine.

Based on medical reports, patients who followed a proper diet for ulcerative colitis avoided further complications in the development of this disease and recovered much faster than other patients.

Causes of the disease

Despite the fact that to date, scientists have not yet identified the exact cause of the development of ulcerative colitis, they identify the following factors contributing to the development of this disease:

Genetic predisposition of a person to ulcerative colitis and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Long-term use of certain potent drugs that affect the colon mucosa. These could be anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal agents, etc.
Severe psycho-emotional stress and stress.
A sharp decrease in immunity, which leads to shifts in the intestinal microflora and makes a person vulnerable to the development of ulcerative colitis.
Bad habits (smoking, drinking alcohol).
Affected by various intestinal infections.
Recently suffered appendicitis (read about its signs here).
Poorly balanced (harmful) diet. This means eating fast food, fatty, fried and sour foods.

Remission

The diet for this form of pathology at the remission stage should be strict. Then it softens and, subject to complete recovery, you can no longer adhere to it. As their condition improves, patients are recommended to eat according to the following system (The diet for UC during remission should be followed as strictly as during an exacerbation.)

You should eat food at least four times a day. It is steamed or boiled (sometimes you can fry some dishes), and food is served to the table in crushed form.
To prepare porridge, you can use any cereal, with the exception of millet and pearl barley. The diet includes pasta.
For dairy foods, fresh cottage cheese is suitable along with non-acidic sour cream, milk and cheese. Eggs are prepared soft-boiled or in the form of an omelet. Unsalted butter is added to the dish.
As appetizers, they offer low-fat ham along with doctor's sausage, jellied meat or fish, beef liver pate, soaked herring.
Vegetables are served boiled or stewed. These are potatoes combined with boiled cauliflower with butter, early zucchini and pumpkin (fried), beets (subject to good tolerance). Fresh tomatoes and cucumbers are not excluded from the diet.
You can eat absolutely any fruits and berries, with the exception of plums, apricots and melons. Fresh compotes are popular along with jellies, mousses, and rosehip decoction.
Tea is offered as a drink as part of the diet.
You can add spices to dishes (but only in limited quantities), we are talking about bay leaves, ground pepper, cinnamon, and boiled onions.
As for bakery products, yesterday's bread is suitable in combination with savory crackers and cookies.

List of foods included in the diet for UC

For patients with a history of UC, therapeutic nutritional adjustments are prescribed only after undergoing diagnosis and consultation with a gastroenterologist who was previously familiar with the patient’s condition. The diet of people suffering from ulcerative colitis should be enriched with foods high in protein, but in contrast, the amount of fat and plant fiber should be reduced as much as possible.

The main principle of therapeutic nutrition is fractionation. In order for the functioning of the intestines to return to normal, it is necessary to eat at least 4-6 times a day. If the principle of fractional nutrition is observed, portions should be small and balanced. The optimal amount of food per meal is 300-350 ml.

If the patient has a good appetite, then this is certainly good, but if the disease worsens, it is necessary to try to relieve the intestines as much as possible, and following a diet does an excellent job of this task.

Treatment through diet for ulcerative colitis is a generally accepted measure. As a rule, most patients are prescribed to follow dietary table No. 4 according to Pevzner with individual adjustments. The main purpose of prescribing dietary nutrition is to reduce fermentation processes within the body.

If all the doctor’s instructions are correctly followed, the first improvements in the patient’s well-being will appear within 5-7 days.

The main conditions for recovery are:

eating only approved products;
application of the principle of fractional nutrition;
adjusting the calorie content of foods consumed throughout the day (preference should be given to protein foods);
reduction of carbohydrates and fats in food;
adherence to correct food preparation technology;
eating food at room temperature.

Practice shows that if the patient’s actions comply with the above instructions, then the result will not be long in coming and digestion will be able to be established within the first week. In addition, for patients who are overweight, such nutrition will help get rid of several unnecessary kilograms.

When following a diet, you can include the following foods in your diet:

Lean varieties of poultry (chicken breast) and fish; boiled rabbit, veal or beef are also allowed in small quantities.
No more than one chicken egg per day. In the acute phase of the disease, it is recommended to consume only egg whites and discard the yolk. Eating fried eggs is strictly prohibited!
No more than 100 grams of rye bread per day.
Low-fat fermented milk products: cottage cheese, kefir, yoghurts without fillers, whole milk. You can make puddings based on dairy products.
Vegetable puree made from boiled vegetables.
Semolina, rice, buckwheat and oatmeal, which can be used to make all kinds of puddings.
Baked fruit instead of desserts. Baked apples with honey are the best alternative to all sweets while strictly following a diet. You can also drink drinks made from fruits that do not increase the acidity of gastric juice.
For drinks, it is best to give preference to herbal teas and non-carbonated water.

The main thing is to monitor the temperature of the food and the method of its preparation, since it is not for nothing that a lot of attention is focused on the fact that food must be boiled or steamed.

Food during an exacerbation

During the acute stage of the disease, it is difficult for the stomach to digest a lot of food, nutrients are poorly absorbed, so doctors advise eating in small portions, but often. Diet for ulcerative colitis in this case is extremely important. You should have dinner no later than 21:00. This disease provokes a disturbance in protein metabolism, which is especially acute during remission. It is recommended to consume foods containing proteins. At the same time, it is important to drink less water. When the symptoms begin to subside, the diet can be expanded, but milk and products that contain it are prohibited from being consumed for life.

You can eat eggs, lean meat, sometimes cottage cheese, semolina and rice porridge, jelly, and berry infusions. In addition, it is important to add foods that contain vitamins B, A, C, and calcium to your diet. At the same time, fatty, salty and fried foods, alcohol, chocolate, spices, honey, sauces, plums and some other products are prohibited. However, there is no need to follow a diet when treating ulcerative colitis for a long time, since such a diet will not help restore the protective functions of the patient’s body. You must follow the cooking recipes recommended by your doctor.

Symptoms and signs

The following characteristic symptoms of ulcerative colitis are distinguished:

Fever and increased temperature.
Frequent nausea and vomiting.
Digestion and absorption of nutrients.
Bloating.
Frequent diarrhea and bloody stools. It may also contain pus and mucus.
Decreased appetite.
Weight loss and general exhaustion of the body occurs in advanced cases of ulcerative colitis.
Stool with diarrhea.
Frequent false urge to defecate.
Aching pain in the right side. Although this may be a sign of other diseases.
Frequent trips to the toilet at night.
Skin rash.
Enlarged liver.

Forms of colitis and diet

Of course, the fundamental role in choosing a diet is played by the opinion of a doctor who specializes in developing nutritional systems for gastroenterological patients. When choosing a diet, specialists are guided by information about what stage the disease is at, how it progressed previously, and what degree of intestinal damage is currently present. If the diet was chosen correctly, then after the first week of following it the patient’s condition will improve significantly.

During treatment by adjusting the diet, the patient should remember the following rules:

fried foods are vetoed; absolutely all food must be steamed or boiled;
the food temperature should be as close to room temperature as possible, since too cold or hot food negatively affects the digestion process;
the most high-calorie dishes present in the diet should be consumed before 12 noon;
the main principle of nutrition should be fractionation, which is why the number of meals should range from 5 to 6 times a day;
3-4 hours before bedtime you must refuse food;
it is necessary to constantly adjust food portions and try not to eat the entire daily diet at once after returning from work/school;
the amount of protein in a person’s diet should be from 2-2.5 g per kg of person’s weight;
products must be selected carefully, constantly paying attention to their quality and naturalness.

The main thing is to remember that if you follow all the rules prescribed by your doctor, you can significantly improve your own well-being and normalize the functioning of your digestive tract in a short period of time. You just need to want it!

Dietary nutrition for this disease is primarily aimed at alleviating the patient’s condition, reducing the inflammatory process and pain in a person.

Due to the fact that in most cases ulcerative colitis occurs in a chronic form, adult patients will have to follow this dietary menu for years, and in some cases, throughout their lives.

The following are the main dietary provisions for children and adults with ulcerative colitis:

Meal frequency. The patient needs to eat at least five times a day. At the same time, portions should be small. This way, the person will be full, but at the same time, not overload the digestive system with too much food.
Dishes must be served warm. You cannot eat hot or cold food.
You should maintain a balanced diet and do not combine difficult-to-digest foods at one meal.
Heat treatment rules. Cooking, stewing, baking, and steaming are allowed. Everything else (grilling, frying, smoking, etc.) is strictly prohibited.
It is important to maintain a stable water balance in the body and drink at least two liters of water per day.
Most of your nutritional intake should come before lunch. Thus, meat, fish dishes and cereals should be eaten before three o'clock in the afternoon. After this, it is advisable to give preference to light snacks and vegetable dishes.
The time for dinner should not be later than seven o'clock in the evening. After this, you are only allowed to drink weak tea and chamomile decoction.
The patient should receive more than 70% of all proteins from meat and fish. It is especially important to increase protein intake in acute ulcerative colitis.
The menu should be enriched with foods that will reduce intestinal motility.
The daily carbohydrate intake should not exceed 250 g.
To support the body while following this diet, it is recommended to supplement the menu with vitamin complexes containing vitamin A, C, K and calcium.

In case of an acute attack of colitis, the diet should be very strict and restrictive in the first few days. In general, doctors in this condition recommend that the patient refuse food altogether for a couple of days and give the intestines time to rest. At the same time, the patient is only allowed to drink light teas, rosehip and blueberry decoctions.

A couple of days after an attack of illness, you can already add light boiled vegetables and porridge to the menu. Gradually, other foods should be introduced into the diet, including meat, fish and cottage cheese.

If a chronic form of colitis is detected, you need to follow a diet for at least five months to normalize your condition. In this case, a person needs to completely exclude from the menu those foods that can cause an exacerbation of the disease.

Only by carefully following all medical recommendations can a person minimize the unpleasant symptoms of the disease and normalize his condition.

If the patient’s colitis is in remission and significant improvements are observed, then the diet can be somewhat diversified and supplemented with regular foods. The main thing is not to overdo it and start eating everything.

These are not the only diseases that affect the small intestine, but the diet for most diseases is almost identical.

The most popular diets

For ulcerative colitis, it is recommended to eat various cereals.

If the patient experiences an exacerbation of the disease, then he needs to eat only thermally processed food. The patient's menu should not consist of fresh fruits and berries.

The patient's breakfast should consist of cereal porridge. In this case, eating buckwheat is not recommended. You can wash down breakfast with jelly. Second breakfast can consist of two soft-boiled eggs.

The patient's lunch consists of soup, meat soufflé and steamed curd pudding. An afternoon snack may consist of crackers and compote. For dinner you can eat rice porridge and a steamed cutlet.

In order to prevent exacerbation of ulcerative colitis, it is also necessary to use dietary nutrition. With its help, the remission of the disease is significantly prolonged. In this case, the patient’s breakfast should consist of a steamed omelet, tea or jelly, as well as cottage cheese, of which no more than 100 grams should be eaten.

For second breakfast, eat only non-acidic fruits. For lunch you can prepare meat soup or low-fat borscht, a steamed cutlet and a vegetable salad. An afternoon snack for a patient with ulcerative colitis should consist of cookies and tea. Meat casserole is prepared for dinner.

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis, for which a diet is prescribed without fail, is a serious disease that requires a special approach to treatment. That is why nutrition for the patient must be developed by a doctor.

This video will tell you how to treat nonspecific ulcerative colitis:

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Products that you should avoid eating

Spicy food

It is natural that following a diet involves introducing some restrictions into your diet. That is why, to improve the condition of the digestive tract, it is necessary to abandon:

flour products: spaghetti, pastries, cakes and other sweets;
broths prepared with fatty meat;
fatty meats and fish;
canned foods;
fatty dairy products and eggs, fried and raw;
pearl barley, wheat and barley;
any snacks;
smoked meat and cheese;
chocolates and caramels;
dried fruits;
preserves and jams;
fatty sauces;
excessive addition of spices to food;
alcoholic drinks.

It is best to avoid the above list of products not only during the period of exacerbation of the disease, but also during its remission during the chronic course of ulcerative colitis. When the patient’s well-being improves, only the attending physician can make any adjustments to the diet, making it less strict.

If you have ulcerative colitis, you must follow a strict diet, the main point of which is complete abstinence from alcohol. Alcoholic drinks can not only worsen the patient’s condition, but also aggravate the course of the disease. It is also necessary to remember that fried and fatty foods can trigger a relapse of the disease, so their consumption must be avoided completely.

Acceptable products during an exacerbation period

The basis of the diet for exacerbation of colitis consists of foods that minimize the processes of fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines and will not provoke inflammation of the mucous membrane.

Dietary restrictions:

Will have a positive effect on the functioning of the digestive organs.
Provide the body with useful microelements.
Strengthen motor skills.
Promotes the secretion of gastric juice.

The list of permitted products includes:

Drinks with a “fixing” effect: black tea, natural coffee, cocoa, compote, jelly, decoctions of berries and herbs. Blueberries and black currants have a beneficial effect on the intestines.
Vegetables are fresh and boiled, consumed in chopped form.
Fruits: apples, peaches, pears.
Porridges and soups. The base is pure water or low-fat broth, the consistency is homogeneous.
Fermented milk products. In small doses, consumption of low-fat cottage cheese, milk and hard cheese is beneficial.
Offal. Homemade liver pate is allowed from this category of products.
Bakery and confectionery products. In small doses, the consumption of durum wheat bread, crackers, sugar (10 grams) and chocolates (40 grams) is allowed.

Kissel
All products must be fresh and natural.

Principles of diet for ulcerative colitis with constipation

In chronic crown UC, constipation is a fairly common manifestation of this disease, so in addition to protein foods, the diet must be enriched with fiber, which is found in absolutely all fruits and vegetables. The patient’s diet should include fermented milk products, low-calorie fruits, cereals, vegetable broth soups and small amounts of butter.

All dishes must be chopped and served only boiled. By following these principles, in a short period it is possible to significantly reduce the load on the gastrointestinal tract and normalize the digestion process. If the diet is followed correctly, the patient will not only be able to get rid of constipation, but also prevent subsequent relapses of the disease.

The main taboo in the presence of constipation is the consumption of not only spicy, fried, smoked and too salty foods, but also any foods that activate the fermentation process in the stomach and intestines.

The diet for ulcerative colitis with constipation should exclude fatty foods, but not vegetable oil in its natural (not fried) form. It is allowed to include 10-15 g of butter in the diet. You can consume fiber in the form of mashed potatoes or grated boiled rice. Also in this case, vegetable soups, grated apples and pears are prepared. Food should not be oversalted and hot spices should not be added, which can cause stagnation in the intestines.

What foods can you eat during an exacerbation of UC?

In the acute period, it is necessary to minimize the load on the mucous membrane of the digestive tract. The diet includes a large amount of protein-containing foods, while carbohydrates and fats can be limited to the lower limit of normal. Food is taken in fractions (5-6 times), and it is necessary to follow such a diet for 7-10 days.

The consumption of sweets, legumes, vegetables, fruits and other foods that cause fermentation in the intestines is strictly prohibited. In turn, it is recommended to include the following dishes in the menu:

bread can only be consumed in the form of crackers;
soups are prepared on a low-fat basis (chicken or veal) with the addition of cereals (barley, buckwheat, rice);
fish can be steamed or boiled (in one piece or in the form of cutlets);
butter can be added in an amount of 10-20 grams;
chicken eggs are an important source of protein (they can be steamed or boiled);
The only drinks allowed are diluted juices, green tea, and coffee.

At the same time, the menu should include a sufficient amount of drinking water to correct the water-electrolyte balance (at least 1.5 liters per day). The energy value of such a diet should be about 1600 kcal, while per day it is necessary to consume at least 120 g of protein, about 50 g of fat and within 140 g of carbohydrates.

Authorized Products

It is worth remembering that even permitted foods during an exacerbation should be consumed according to the daily intake of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. They can only be prepared using acceptable methods, such as boiling, stewing, steaming and baking. Allowed to use:

chicken eggs;
rice, buckwheat, semolina and oatmeal, cooked in water and ground to a coarse flour;
dairy products other than milk itself;
lean meat;
cucumbers and tomatoes;
fresh ground berries without seeds;
apples and pears in the form of puree;
dried white bread;
dried cookies, biscuits;
green tea;
Herb tea.

With this diet, the patient can eat the following foods and dishes:

Lean meats. Chicken, turkey and rabbit are suitable for this. You can use them to make steamed cutlets, meatballs and all kinds of rolls.
Fish. It also should not be greasy and should be served exclusively boiled. As for rich fish broths, they are strictly prohibited.
Walnuts are very useful and recommended for people with ulcerative colitis. They can be used as an addition to dishes or simply eaten as a dessert.
Porridge. In principle, you can eat any type of porridge, except pearl barley and millet. They need to be cooked without adding milk. Pasta made from durum wheat is also allowed.
Eggs can be eaten, but only in the form of an omelet. You can eat no more than five eggs per week.
For light snacks, homemade jellied fish, pate, soaked herring in limited quantities, and doctor’s sausage are allowed.
Vegetables. Of these, carrots, pumpkin, boiled beets and zucchini are very useful. You can make pureed soups and all kinds of stews from them. It is not recommended to eat vegetables raw. It is also important to note that this menu should not include fresh tomatoes.
Spices you can use include bay leaf, cinnamon, dry onion and peppercorns.
For sweets, light soufflés, jellies and mousses are allowed. You can also eat homemade jelly and marmalade.
As for drinks, the diet allows weak green and black tea, berry compote and rosehip decoction. The latter is also recommended for use during exacerbation of the disease.
Almost all fruits are allowed, especially baked apples. As for juices, you should be careful with them, since some types of juices can increase the production of gastric juice, which will negatively affect digestion.
Flour biscuits, homemade crackers and pies with meat and apples are allowed.
For hot dishes, it is recommended to eat well-mashed soups, as well as steamed cutlets made from minced chicken.
If the patient is not allergic to milk protein, then he can eat homemade cottage cheese and low-fat yoghurts (preferably without artificial additives and colorings).

Menu and stages of disease development

A gastroenterologist will help you create the right diet for ulcerative colitis.

For patients with ulcerative colitis, the menu is prescribed only by a gastroenterologist. It determines the characteristics of the development of the disease, on the basis of which the menu is drawn up.

If the patient has a severe form of the disease, then he needs to increase the amount of protein. This is explained by its very rapid elimination against the background of intoxication.

The patient's diet should consist of low-fat cottage cheese, boiled eggs, cheese, lean meat and fish, and buckwheat. The menu looks like this:

For breakfast you need to eat an omelet, which uses two eggs. You should also drink a cup of green, black or herbal tea.
The patient's second breakfast should consist of cottage cheese.
For lunch, you can prepare meat soup and boil vegetables.
The patient's afternoon snack should consist of baked apples.
For dinner you need to prepare rice porridge, jelly and low-fat fish. Fish should be consumed boiled by the patient in an amount of no more than 100 grams.

Quite often, with nonspecific ulcerative colitis, patients are prescribed table No. 4. Due to the high effectiveness of the menu, it is prescribed to children from the age of seven, as well as to adult patients. Table No. 4 consists only of permitted products, which eliminates the possibility of developing the disease.

Read: Features of the treatment of nonspecific ulcerative colitis with folk remedies

For breakfast, the patient is recommended to eat buckwheat porridge, which is cooked in water, a steamed cutlet and tea. The second breakfast should consist of a piece of boiled meat and jelly. For lunch, you can prepare a rice casserole to which meat is added, as well as soup with meatballs and pear compote.

The patient's afternoon snack should consist of crackers and tea. For dinner, the patient is given mashed potatoes, which are prepared using meat broth. You also need to eat a fish cutlet and wash it down with tea. For the second dinner you are allowed to eat one baked apple.

Both diets are quite effective in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, so they are often prescribed to patients.

What not to eat

The diet for ulcerative colitis of the intestine is quite restrictive. It prohibits the consumption of the following products:

All alcoholic drinks in any form and quantity. They are prohibited not only for ulcerative colitis, but also for other intestinal diseases (ulcers, gastritis, cholecystitis, etc.).
All kinds of smoked products (fish, fatty smoked cheeses, meat).
Mushrooms and various dishes containing them.
Hot sauces, gravies and spices.
Fatty meats. These include pork, banana, goose and also duck. These foods are very difficult to digest, so they should not be eaten even in small quantities.
Legumes can be eaten, but only when they do not cause heaviness in the stomach. In general, you can eat no more than 100 grams of legumes per day.
Fresh tomatoes and cucumbers are strictly prohibited.
All kinds of pickles and pickled vegetables.
Dishes with added vinegar.
Fresh onions, garlic and horseradish.
Spinach and radish.
All kinds of sausages, frankfurters and other meat products.
Sweet confectionery. This means a complete ban on sweets, chocolate, cakes, all kinds of pastries and ice cream.
Coffee and cocoa.
Heavy cream and other fermented milk products with a high fat content.
Fast food.
Mustard, garlic sauce and ketchup.
Dumplings.
Crackers and other junk food.

It is also worth mentioning separately that each patient should be guided by his own feelings and independently adjust the allowed dishes in this diet, selecting and combining the easiest to digest foods.

Site doctor: Anton Palaznikov

Gastroenterologist, therapist

Work experience more than 7 years.

Professional skills: diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and biliary system.

Eligible Products

Diet for ulcerative colitis of the intestine, the menu of this diet should include diet No. 4, it is also prescribed for other problems in the functioning of the intestinal tract.

The purpose of this nutrition is to reduce the level of fermentation, it also forms putrefactive processes and reduces the inflammatory process.

By following this diet, your digestive system will return to normal, and your body will be sufficiently provided with the substances it needs.

There will also be increased motility in the intestinal system, and the secretion of bile will be normalized. But know that diet No. 4 is only necessary when the disease worsens; in other cases, its duration should be no more than six days.

For any problems with the gastrointestinal tract, the food consumed should not be cold or hot, and the portion should be small.

Serving should be fine or grated. And cooking should be steamed or food should be boiled.

The following products must be consumed:

Not fatty fish and meat, rabbit or veal meat is allowed.
One egg per day. For acute colitis, only boiled protein is allowed. It is forbidden to fry eggs.
One hundred grams of yesterday's white bread.
Fermented milk products. Cottage cheese should not be fatty; milk and yoghurt should be used when preparing porridge or pudding. It is undesirable to take cream, kefir and sour cream.
Vegetables should only be eaten boiled and grated.
Rice, semolina and buckwheat porridges cooked in water.
Eating fruits, apple puree, and berry jelly is allowed. During an exacerbation, it is necessary to consume honey, jam and baked goods.
Black, herbal or green tea drinks or still water are allowed.

It is possible to prepare various broths, purees, casseroles and salads, and this is only a small part of everything that can be prepared. Be sure to only eat boiled or steamed food.

Diet goal table 4a

Symptoms of the disease are manifested in frequent urge to go to the toilet, accompanied by the release of feces mixed with blood and purulent discharge, pain syndrome mainly in the left part of the abdomen, dehydration due to diarrhea, fever, sometimes constipation, weight loss, etc. This condition is caused by a violation of the intestinal microflora , as a result of which focal inflammation begins in the colon and rectum.

Diet 4 and 4a, developed by Mikhail Pevzner, is prescribed during the treatment period in order to reduce irritating factors to the intestines. During the period of following this type of diet, food does not put pressure on the lesions, and it is easier for the body to cope with the disease.

The purpose of the diet is to restore normal intestinal microflora, which has been damaged as a result of poor nutrition, abuse of spicy, salty, fried foods, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. The disorder can also be caused by viruses and bacteria, as well as due to genetic predisposition.

Table No. 5: nutritional features

The UC diet and table 5 are recommended for all patients. It must be said that under number “5” there are as many as fifteen different dietary options hidden. For example, a diet for liver disease advises adhering to this form of nutrition, which allows glycogen to accumulate in the organ, improving the secretion of bile and normalizing the functioning of the digestive system along with metabolism. This diet is also indicated for people in postoperative periods.

As part of observing this table, food entering the body must be thermally, mechanically and chemically gentle. It is recommended to beat all first courses with a blender, and as for meat, it is prepared only in the form of cutlets or meatballs. In addition, food should not be very hot or too cold, and also contain oxalic acid along with essential oils, purines, cholesterol, and fat oxidation products.

Frying as a cooking method is completely excluded. The same applies to foods rich in refractory fats. In general, you need to get 70 grams of fat per day, mainly of vegetable origin. The body should receive 50 grams of carbohydrates and 100 grams of protein. Table No. 5 has an energy value of 2,500 to 2,800 calories.

We continue to consider in detail the diet for UC. Which products are allowed and which are prohibited?

Types of diet

Inflammation develops in several stages, for each of which a specific diet is selected. In the chronic course of the disease, when it is in the quiescent stage, table No. 4 according to Pevzner is prescribed, in which the diet consists of 130 g of protein, 60 g of fat and 200 g of carbohydrates.

A similar diet is prescribed during an exacerbation, the main symptoms of which are characterized by diarrhea or constipation, muscle weakness and nausea. With constant stagnation, the diet for UC is called table 4a. It consists of the most pureed products and purees. Fats are increased to 100 g to provoke intestinal motility.

When the patient gets better, dysbiosis goes away, and the intestinal mucosa is restored, after 4 weeks, diet 4a is returned to diet 4, gradually transferring the person to a normal diet.

How to eat in case of exacerbation

When the disease enters the acute phase, it is better to completely abstain from any food for one day. Then split meals are prescribed, that is, up to eight times a day. All food must be thoroughly chopped and can only be taken warm. There are restrictions on the use of sugar and salt. The diet for UC during exacerbation has the following characteristics.

The diet should contain an increased amount of protein, the majority of which is of animal origin. The patient should eat meat along with fish and eggs; cottage cheese is also allowed. Dairy products in liquid form are contraindicated, and fish and meat should be thoroughly chopped and low-fat. Such dishes should be prepared by steaming or boiling.
The dosage of carbohydrates should be 250 grams daily, but fiber should be avoided. It is possible to eat semolina porridge. For drinks, it is advisable to use jelly, semi-sweet decoctions of rose hips and black currants. It would be useful to consume juice with pulp. Fruits and vegetables should be eaten in pureed form. What else does a diet suggest for UC during an exacerbation?
Individual foods can be gradually reintroduced into the diet when improvement is noticeable.
Vitamins also need to be included in the diet for this disease in increased quantities, however, they are already contained in medications.
Against the background of exacerbation of the disease, decoctions of pears and blueberries are useful.
It is necessary to exclude everything fried from the diet, as well as fatty and salty foods. It is necessary to limit the consumption of spicy foods along with chocolate, legumes, mushrooms, fruits, vegetables and plums. Many patients often do not tolerate dairy products well, so it is advisable to exclude them from the diet.
It is recommended to eat lean meat (boiled or steamed); eggs with cereals and dry biscuits are suitable. It is also worth including walnuts in your diet.

It is not recommended to follow a strict diet for a long time, because it cannot restore the metabolism and strength impaired due to the disease. Dishes should be tasty and varied. A good sign is the return of the patient's appetite. In case of exacerbation, you must immediately go to the hospital.

What is the diet for UC during remission?

General rules of diet for ulcerative colitis

During the treatment period, the patient should limit physical activity and avoid emotional shock and stress as much as possible. This causes an exacerbation of the disease, and worsens the condition even during remission.

Diets for ulcerative colitis should be prepared in such a way that the inflamed mucous membrane is not irritated and the walls are not injured. You should avoid frying foods, smoking, steaming, boiling or baking all dishes.

You need to grind the food as much as possible, bringing it to a puree state. At the same time, pearl barley and wheat porridge should not be consumed. It is not recommended to wash down food during a meal; solid pieces of food must be chewed thoroughly and moistened with saliva. This way the product will enter the stomach in the most prepared form.

Dishes should not be from the refrigerator and should not be heated to boiling water. It is best to serve food at room temperature. In other words, food should be prepared as if it were being served to a newborn.

Fiber, contained in wheat and pearl barley porridge, bran, raw fruits and vegetables, is difficult for the digestive system to absorb. It takes a long time to digest and requires the release of more gastric juice to break down food. Vegetables can be consumed boiled and chopped, in the form of puree.

The right carbohydrates

Glucose plays a significant role in diet 4a for ulcerative colitis. The maximum amount of carbohydrate-rich food should not exceed 300 g per day. You should choose only natural sugar and fructose found in sweet berries and fruits. It is allowed to use jam, jelly and jelly.

You should not consume sugar in its pure form, cakes, sweets, baked goods, that is, anything that was cooked in heated oil containing trans fats. You can drink tea with condensed milk or jam. Honey is prohibited because it causes fermentation.

Increase in proteins

When the body's tissues are injured, in this case by ulcers, it requires significant amounts of protein to grow new fibers. During this period, it loses a huge amount of amino acids responsible for this recovery process. Therefore, proteins in ulcerative colitis should be increased to the maximum.

It is allowed to eat cottage cheese 3%, eggs, kefir, fermented baked milk. It is prohibited to drink fresh milk. The body needs to spend 4 hours to digest it. For meat products, it is recommended to cook beef, chicken, turkey, rabbit and veal in the form of cutlets, pate and meatballs. You can also eat lean fish in the form of cutlets. Only home-made sausage made from natural meat is allowed to be consumed.

Fractional meals

Long breaks between meals should not be allowed. During treatment, 3 meals a day must be divided into 6 meals a day in small portions. If you feel hungry before bed, it is better to eat something light than to go to bed hungry. Hunger is the first enemy with ulcerative colitis.

Gastric juice should not be allowed to secrete without eating. Low-fat cottage cheese, a piece of dried bread or 1-2 apples, chopped in a blender, are suitable as an evening snack. Baby food, vegetable and meat purees will come in handy.

Recipes for dishes with nyak |

This disease belongs to proctocolitis. Ulcerative colitis of the intestine manifests itself as diffuse inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, limited to the colon, and permanent damage to the rectum. Diet for this disease is one of the important components of successful treatment of the disease. What can you eat? Find more detailed information on this topic further in the article.

What should the diet be like?

Nutrition is aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease, while medications directly “fight” the disease. The main rules of the menu are:

Food should only be steamed, boiled, and eaten warm.

You need to eat at least five times a day.

Almost the entire prescribed diet should be eaten before lunch.

You can't eat after 7 p.m.

Low-fat varieties of meat, fish and poultry, stewed, boiled and, as an exception, fried, are suitable for the diet. Soups are prepared using weak and low-fat meat and fish broths.

Vegetarian first courses (including mushroom ones) are also allowed in the diet. They are seasoned with chopped vegetables and various cereals.

What should you eat in case of exacerbation of colitis?

During the period of exacerbation of the disease, rich food is poorly digested and absorbed, so frequent meals are recommended, but in small portions. The last meal is no later than 21:00.

Ulcerative colitis disrupts protein metabolism, especially in the recurrent period of the disease. At this time, it is recommended to eat foods that contain increased amounts of protein. Fluid intake is limited.

As your health improves, your diet will be expanded, but dairy products will have to be eliminated for life.

The diet for ulcerative colitis in the period of exacerbation of moderate severity has the following characteristics:

The diet should contain an increased amount of proteins, most of which are of animal origin (out of 100-110 g per day - 65%). Therefore, the patient should eat meat, fish and eggs, cottage cheese is possible. Dairy products in liquid form are contraindicated, and fish and meat should be low-fat and thoroughly chopped. Such dishes should be prepared by steaming or boiling.

The dose of carbohydrates daily should be 200-250 g, but fiber should be avoided. Possible semolina porridges, porridges from cereals, rice; Drinks you should consume include jelly, semi-sweet decoction of rose hips, blueberries, and black currants; It is possible to use juices with pulp. Fruits and vegetables should be consumed in pureed form.

Individual foods are gradually returned to the diet if improvements are noticeable.

Vitamins C, A, K, group B and calcium also need to be included in the diet for ulcerative colitis of the intestine in increased quantities, although they are usually already contained in medications.

In case of exacerbation of the disease, decoctions of rose hips, pears, blueberries and other sweet berries and fruits will be useful.

It is necessary to exclude everything fried, fatty, and salty from the diet. You should also limit the consumption of spicy foods, chocolate, legumes, mushrooms, fruits, vegetables, and plums.

Many patients do not tolerate various foods well, most often dairy products, so it is advisable to exclude them from the diet.

Until the exact reasons that cause ulcerative colitis are determined, a diet can help significantly improve your well-being.

It is recommended to eat lean meats (boiled or steamed), eggs, cereals, dry biscuits, and toasted white bread. You should also include walnuts in your diet.

There is no point in following a strict diet for a long time, since it will not be able to restore the metabolism and strength impaired due to illness. Dishes should be varied and tasty. A good sign is the patient's appetite returning. If an exacerbation occurs, you should immediately go to the hospital.

Diet for ulcerative colitis in remission. For approximately a month after an exacerbation, patients must adhere to a strict diet. Then the diet for ulcerative colitis is softened and with complete recovery you don’t have to stick to the diet.

If the patient's condition improves, the following diet is recommended: proteins - 100 g, fats - 100 g, carbohydrates - 400-450 g, table salt - up to 15 g.

You should eat food at least 4 times a day. It is steamed or boiled (sometimes it is possible to fry some dishes), and is served in crushed form.

For porridge, you can use any cereal, with the exception of pearl barley and millet. The diet includes pasta.

From dairy products you can eat fresh cottage cheese, non-acidic sour cream (as a seasoning for a dish), fermented milk products, milk (only in dishes), mild cheese. Eggs are cooked soft-boiled or scrambled. Unsalted butter is added to dishes.

As snacks in the diet for ulcerative colitis, lean ham, doctor's sausage, jellied meat or fish, beef liver or poultry liver pate, and soaked herring are offered.

Vegetables are served boiled or stewed. These are potatoes (mashed potatoes, casseroles), boiled cauliflower with butter, early zucchini and pumpkins (fried), white cabbage and beets (if well tolerated). Fresh tomatoes and cucumbers are not excluded from the diet.

You can eat any fruits and berries, with the exception of apricots, plums and melons. Fresh compotes, jellies, mousses, and rosehip decoction are relevant.

Drinks included in the diet include tea, water coffee with milk and cream.

You can add spices to dishes (in limited quantities): bay leaf, ground pepper, cinnamon, boiled onion.

Bakery products include day-old wheat bread, savory crackers and cookies, and, in limited quantities, pies with jam, rice, and meat.

1st breakfast: pureed fresh cottage cheese with sugar and sour cream, semolina porridge in milk with a piece of butter, raspberry juice (or rosehip decoction). 2nd breakfast: baked apple, tea with milk, crackers. Lunch in a diet for ulcerative colitis: noodle soup, potato roll with pureed meat, apple and pear jelly. Afternoon snack: rosehip decoction, a slice of toasted white bread. Dinner: steamed fish cutlet with mashed potatoes. Weak tea with crackers. At night: juice, crackers.

What can't you eat?

Prohibited in the diet:

Smoked meats and marinades.

Raw onions, garlic, sorrel, spinach, radishes, rutabaga.

Vinegar, mustard, horseradish, ground pepper.

Treatment for nonspecific ulcerative colitis

To effectively treat this form of the disease, you must follow a strict diet. It has its own specifics and is a necessary condition for successful therapy.

It is necessary that the dishes are tasty and varied. During the treatment of colitis, you can eat lean meat, steamed or simply boiled, mashed porridge, dry cookies, toasted white bread, and boiled eggs.

Be sure to eat walnuts.

In the acute form of the disease, it is recommended to use a decoction of rose hips, pears, blueberries and other sweet fruits and berries. You can even drink some juices - tomato, orange.

In the acute form of the disease, a large amount of food is very poorly digested and absorbed, so during the treatment period it is correct to eat in small portions with intervals between meals of no more than two and a half hours. It is better to have dinner before 21 o'clock.

With nonspecific ulcerative colitis, protein metabolism is quite severely affected. Disorders appear especially quickly during the period of relapse of the disease. For such problems, it is recommended to eat foods high in protein.

Also during this period it is worth reducing the amount of fluid intake. You need to focus on the nature of the feces. If they are abundant and watery, then you should limit yourself to five glasses of liquid per day.

If the condition improves, then it is allowed to slightly expand the diet, but poorly tolerated foods in the diet should not be consumed throughout life.

What should you not eat?

It is necessary to exclude fried, spicy, fatty, salty, chocolate and mushrooms, kiwi and beets, dried apricots and plums, legumes, fruits and vegetables from the diet for nonspecific ulcerative colitis.

During an exacerbation, you need to limit yourself from sweets and juices.

Many people who suffer from ulcerative colitis cannot tolerate various types of food, for example, dairy products. Therefore, by excluding them from your diet, you can significantly improve your well-being.

Recipes for dishes with nyak

Crohn's disease is a disease characterized by limited inflammation of any part of the digestive tract (usually the final part of the ileum) with ulceration of the mucous membrane and narrowing of the intestinal lumen. The therapeutic nutrition strategy for this disease depends on the location and extent of the inflammatory process, the stage of the disease (exacerbation or remission), and the patient’s tolerance to specific foods.

In case of exacerbation of the disease, a diet such as dietary table No. 4 is used, then table No. 4b.

In case of exacerbation, the principle of mechanical and chemical sparing is observed, a diet of 5-6 times a day is recommended, and an increased content of animal protein and vitamins in the diet is recommended.

In case of significant exhaustion and persistent diarrhea, parenteral nutrition is recommended.

Issues of therapeutic nutrition for Crohn's disease are described in detail in the book “Crohn's Disease” (authors: M. Kh. Levitan, I. T. Abasov, L. L. Kapuller. Baku: Azerbaijan State Publishing House, 1974).

With parenteral nutrition, oral intake is limited or stopped. Protein preparations, glucose solutions, and vitamins are administered intravenously. Dishes included in the diet should be varied and tasty. Freshly prepared fruit juices from ripe fruits are allowed. For severe diarrhea, Krohn (1949) recommended ripe bananas and freshly prepared orange juice.

For Crohn's disease, it is recommended to include a variety of boiled or stewed meat dishes in your diet. They use beef, veal, lean lamb, chicken, turkey, and rabbit. Low-fat varieties of fish are used - pike perch, bream, cod, navaga, etc. Cottage cheese - regular and unleavened (calcined), and mild varieties of cheese are recommended.

Milk (provided it is well tolerated), acidophilus, kefir, and yoghurt are allowed.

For diarrhea, 2 dietary hard-boiled eggs are recommended. Meat, fish, cottage cheese, eggs are all important sources of animal protein needed for Crohn's disease. For diarrhea, you can use the following diet:

Breakfast: egg or protein omelet, or steamed cutlets, white bread crackers, cheese, freshly brewed tea with sugar.

Second breakfast: curd pudding, rosehip decoction (1/2 cup).

Lunch: rice soup with meatballs, boiled chicken with cauliflower, jelly.

Afternoon snack: fruit jelly.

Dinner: boiled tongue, rice porridge, compote.

At night: tea with lemon or rosehip infusion.

In addition to the diet, vitamin therapy is prescribed.

Prohibited Products

The diet for nonspecific ulcerative colitis should be compiled with the exception of the following list of products:

products made from bran;
puff pastry;
sunflower and pumpkin seeds;
nuts;
raw vegetables, except cucumbers and tomatoes;
dried fruits;
plums and apricots;
turnips, radishes and radishes;
onion and garlic;
fatty meat of animals and fish, as well as broths made from pork, lamb and goose;
smoked sausages;
canned foods;
borscht, okroshka, rassolnik;
pasta;
millet, pearl barley and egg;
legumes;
mushrooms;
fresh milk;
heavy cream and sour cream;
black tea and coffee;
alcohol;
flour products and baked goods;
black bread;
any fast food;
store-bought sweets;
carbonated drinks;
fried eggs;
hot spices: horseradish, mustard, hot pepper, vinegar;
sorrel, spinach and wild garlic.

You should not exclude your own intolerance to a particular product. If, while eating even permitted foods, the patient feels fermentation, heartburn, heaviness, cutting pain, flatulence and bloating, then it is necessary to determine what causes this effect and completely exclude this food from the diet for the duration of treatment.

Honey as medicine

By the way, one famous television doctor advocates the total harm of milk and honey to humans. The worst thing is that many people believe this.

Honey, in addition to fructose and glucose, contains a number of useful vitamins and minerals: magnesium, iron, potassium, calcium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur; vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6 and C. You can learn more about the benefits of vitamins from the article about. Useful properties of honey

Antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial actions.
Acceleration of tissue regeneration.
Increased performance.
Improving blood quality.
Regulates the digestion process.
Promotes calcium retention in the body (remember the side effects).
Immune support.

In addition to the wonderful taste and beneficial properties of natural honey listed above, there is also a simple recipe

for treating UC with it:

Mix 800 ml of cold water with 180 g of honey.
Leave the mixture at room temperature for a couple of days.
Take 120-150 ml of the mixture 20 minutes before meals for one and a half months.

But, as in the case of marshmallows, marmalade and marshmallows, the “usefulness” of honey fades into the background, giving way to taste, which, in turn, will contribute to the synthesis of those very “hormones of happiness” that were discussed at the beginning of the article .

In the end, I would like to say that, of course, the products given in the article are not the only ones that you can try to eat with UC. The main and most important point is good tolerance of a particular sweet. If you suddenly ate a piece of chocolate, don’t blame yourself! Thinking about negative consequences is the last thing! How many times have I seen stories of people on the Internet about how they ate some kind of delicacy, and then with all their soul and body they expected a negative response from their body...

I wish you health, bright thoughts and good mood.

Diet for nonspecific ulcerative colitis is the most important component of the treatment of the disease. During an exacerbation, treatment table No. 4 is used, after some time they move to table No. 4b (in the phase of mild exacerbation), and during the period of remission - to diet No. 4c. The purpose of such nutrition is maximum protection of the intestines and providing conditions for eliminating the inflammatory process and normalizing digestive function.