Diarrhea and fever in a child: causes, first aid, treatment на flymega.ru

There are such unpleasant situations in life when diarrhea and fever that catch a person at the most inopportune moment. This condition can be caused by infections, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, and can also manifest itself as a side effect from taking one or another type of medicines and drugs . Since diarrhea and high temperature are extremely unexpected and unpleasant things, every person should know how to deal with these symptoms and how to treat them in himself or in his child.

general characteristics

Probably every person in his life at least once in his life has encountered such a phenomenon as diarrhea. Especially if this condition occurs in a child, this raises concerns. In children, this disease occurs somewhat differently; they need to be constantly monitored so that it doesn’t get worse; in case of complications, you need to call an ambulance or a doctor at home.

If we are talking about diarrhea in an adult, then this condition may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, headaches, general weakness of the whole body, and a depressed state. Typically, diarrhea occurs because a person has a weakened or poorly functioning digestive system. But the appearance of diarrhea is also primarily influenced by the food that a person eats. That is, if the food was of questionable freshness, poorly or insufficiently prepared, with an expired expiration date, with violations of the storage conditions of a particular product, and simply of poor quality itself, then diarrhea will not take long to occur. If this is a single food poisoning, then the person is usually treated at home, and this condition goes away after a few days, when toxins and poisonous substances are released from the body.

But if diarrhea and high temperature do not stop for a long time or appear with a suspiciously high frequency, then you need to consult a doctor or call an ambulance and determine the reasons in time. This should under no circumstances be ignored.

Escherichiosis

Escherichiosis is an acute intestinal infection that can cause diarrhea and fever in a child at sea. Caused by E.coli, Escherichia coli, the pathogen is transmitted through food, water, dishes, bedding, and toys. It is believed that a sick mother can infect her child during childbirth.

Diarrhea and fever in a child under one year old make one think of escherichiosis due to the widespread spread of infection among newborns and young children. The onset is most often acute, the disease is characterized by the following manifestations:

Weakness, lethargy, lack of appetite.
Regurgitation, vomiting.
Increased body temperature.
Diarrhea.
Bloating.

Stool with escherichiosis is yellow or orange, watery with an admixture of mucus, sometimes foamy with a greenish tint. The frequency can reach 15 times a day or more.

In the absence of restoration of fluid loss, dehydration (dehydration) develops. “Worrying” symptoms include:

dry skin and mucous membranes;
complaints of extreme thirst in older children;
lack of straightening of the skin fold;
retraction of the large fontanelle in young children;
hands and feet cold to the touch;
increased heart rate (tachycardia);
shortness of breath.

The patient may lose consciousness and there is a risk of developing seizures. Repeated diarrhea and fever in a child 1 year of age or younger are a medical emergency.

For mild forms of escherichiosis, treatment is carried out at home: diet, oral rehydration (rehydron, glucose-saline solutions), and the administration of enterosorbents are indicated. If the child’s condition is serious, hospitalization in an infectious diseases hospital is required. Infusion therapy is carried out to replenish the deficiency of fluid and electrolytes, enterosorbents, antibiotics (carbenicillin), enzyme preparations (Creon), probiotics (lactobacterin) are used.

Fever and diarrhea in an adult

What to do if loose stools are also complicated by high fever? You need to understand that fever and diarrhea in an adult can lead the body to dehydration. Therefore, you need to drink as much fluid as possible. There is no need to drink 2 liters of water at once and force yourself to do it by force. This may lead to vomiting. You need to drink a little, but as often as possible. For drinking, sweet tea, chicken broth, chamomile tea, plain boiled water or still mineral water are good options. It is strictly forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages and coffee. It is also better to give up juices for a while.

You also need to reconsider your usual eating schedule. During illness, you need to give up spicy, fatty, salty, smoked, milk and dairy products. You can eat potatoes, any porridge, noodles boiled in water. A light vegetable soup is suitable, perhaps with pieces of lean meat. To go with it you need to prepare some black bread, preferably slightly dried. Even if there is no appetite, it is imperative to eat so that the body has the strength and resources to fight the disease. But again, no need to overeat. You can eat a few spoons of soup and a couple of crackers, and if you don’t want anything else, then you don’t need to force yourself. This can also lead to vomiting.

Treatment

You should not give your child medications on your own; you should call an ambulance or immediately visit a doctor. Before providing qualified assistance, you can use:

preparations to restore water-salt balance
drinking plenty of fluids
sorbents

If it is impossible to visit the hospital and if the temperature exceeds 38.5, antipyretics are needed. If an ambulance or a doctor is already on the way, it is better to refrain from taking additional medications so as not to blur the symptoms of the disease (this will complicate the diagnosis and the prescription of timely therapy).

“Rehydron” will help restore the necessary levels of glucose and mineral salts that were lost during diarrhea. It is diluted in a liter of water and given to the child in small portions.

To relieve intoxication and normalize stool, sorbents are used:

Smecta
Enterosorb
Activated carbon
Sorbex
Polysorb P

If it is necessary to reduce a very high temperature, you can use drugs with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, such as:

Paracetamol
Ibuprofen

Remember that giving medications to children under 6 months without strict indications is quite dangerous, so you should seek specialized help as soon as possible.

Causes and treatment of manifestations

To lower the temperature in an adult, treatment should begin with drinking. Toxins will be eliminated from the body along with urine, so frequent trips to the toilet for minor needs are very good in such a situation. What's the best thing to drink? Fruit drinks and compotes made from berries that contain vitamin C help very well with fever. If you don’t have such berries on hand, then alkaline mineral water helps with fever. If drinking too much does cause nausea, you can remove it with a few fresh mint leaves, which you need to chew for a while.

Tablets that stop diarrhea, such as Imodium, are strictly not recommended, since they will only stop the diarrhea, the infection will remain in the body, and it must be removed from there as soon as possible. Therefore, among medications you can take Activated Charcoal or Smecta, these are the drugs that remove toxins from the body and do this in a gentle way, enveloping the intestinal walls. You should not take antibiotics, as they will most likely destroy the beneficial microflora, which is already weakened during the period of illness, and its restoration is vital for normal intestinal function and the cessation of diarrhea.

But if the patient’s condition does not improve, the temperature does not seem to decrease, nausea and vomiting do not stop, bloody and mucous patches begin to be observed in the stool, and abdominal pain does not subside, then you should immediately stop self-medicating and call an ambulance.

A sick person is considered a carrier of infection and can infect others, so the apartment must be ventilated and wet cleaned. Those who live near the patient should wash their hands as often as possible, and the patient himself should do this.

Diarrhea and fever in an adult may be signs of an intestinal disorder or pancreatitis. The cause of this disease is malnutrition in its completely different types. This could be an incorrect diet, prolonged fasting, or, on the contrary, frequent overeating, eating low-quality, unnatural food. Symptoms of intestinal disorder are diarrhea, vomiting, high fever, and total loss of appetite. In this case, doctors advise abstaining from food for a day, and then eating homemade food, but in small portions. Crackers, warm chicken broth, and mineral water are ideal. To alleviate the condition, you need to buy medications containing enzymes at the pharmacy. If after a few days the person does not feel better, then you need to contact a doctor who will select the treatment that is necessary for this particular patient.

It could also be a rotavirus infection. In medicine, this phenomenon is usually called intestinal flu. Symptoms include: repeated diarrhea, repeated or single vomiting, high fever, weakness, loss of appetite, muscle pain, sore throat, possible runny nose. This infection does not require special treatment, you just need to avoid dehydration and drink more water, tea or fruit drinks. If this does not help bring down the temperature and the symptoms do not subside, then you need to take an antiviral drug. When the disease does pass, you need to consult a doctor about the need to take medications that will help restore the intestinal microflora.

A bacterial infection may also be the cause. Bacterial infections include dysentery, staphylococcus and many others. The temperature is usually very difficult to bring down; it can be very high. The diarrhea does not stop, but is repeated, greenish in color, with bloody spots. In a sense, the patient was lucky. He will not have to carry out treatment on his own, since a bacterial infection requires hospitalization, where the patient will be under the supervision of doctors with proper treatment.

Amoebic dysentery

The pathogen enters the body with water or food in the form of a cyst, which dissolves under the influence of intestinal enzymes. The onset of the disease is acute, the following symptoms are present:

weakness, headache;
weight loss;
increased body temperature;
abdominal pain (usually in the right iliac region);
vomit;
diarrhea.

The stool has a characteristic “raspberry jelly” appearance and contains streaks of blood and mucus. Diarrhea and fever in a child of 6 months or another age in the presence of immunodeficiency cause rapid dehydration and the development of severe toxicosis. If left untreated, the disease can become chronic, lasting 4 months or longer. Diarrhea and fever in a child are symptoms that cannot be considered separately from other manifestations when assessing the patient’s condition.

Therapy uses antiprotozoal drugs (metronidazole, ornidazole), antibiotics (monomycin), enterosorbents (smecta, lignin), oral and parenteral rehydration. In severe cases and the risk of complications, glucocorticosteroids (dexamethasone) are used.

Unpleasant symptoms in a child

This phenomenon can be especially aggravated in the summer. Because of the heat, many foods spoil faster; a child can eat unwashed or poorly washed fruits or berries, or drink raw water. And it’s generally difficult to keep track of a small child; he may put something in his mouth without permission or swallow water while bathing.

A child, just like an adult, can become infected with intestinal infections, but there are also specific childhood diseases that only children suffer from. For example, measles, chickenpox, rubella, scarlet fever - all this can cause complications in the form of fever, vomiting and diarrhea. However, a small reassuring factor is that a child, having had it once in his life, will not become infected again. The temperature may rise and loose stools may occur when the child begins to teethe.

Parents should treat their child with increased care, especially if he is still small and cannot clearly tell his parents what hurts him. If a child has a fever, is vomiting, has a stomach ache, or has loose stools, then you should immediately call an ambulance or a local doctor. If blood or black spots are noticed in the stool, this may indicate internal bleeding. This may also indicate diseases of the abdominal organs. As soon as the child is examined by a doctor and prescribed treatment, parents must buy all the necessary medications and strictly follow the recommendations of the medical staff.

As for the child’s diet, here it is worth adhering to the same requirements as in cases where diarrhea and fever bother an adult. That is, exclude fatty, fried, dairy, raw fruits and vegetables, juices, smoked foods, everything salty and sour, heavy foods. Dehydration should not be allowed in a child's body. If such a problem happens to a child who is still breastfed, then there is no need to stop breastfeeding, since mother’s milk contains special substances that help the intestines to recover. If the child is bottle-fed, then you need to buy soy-based formulas for a while until he recovers.

Conditions such as diarrhea and fever should in any case cause concern, regardless of whether it is observed in a child or an adult.

In case of complications, you should immediately consult a doctor.

When vomiting, diarrhea, or fever appear, a person thinks about food poisoning. Do not forget that there are other factors that cause such conditions. Main reasons:

Food poisoning.
Viral and bacterial infections.
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

How to treat diarrhea in a child at home?

Every parent has experienced diarrhea in their child. This phenomenon especially causes a lot of trouble on the road or while traveling.

The danger of loose stool is that it can be a symptom of a serious illness, and can also lead the baby to severe dehydration and demineralization. We will tell you in this article how to treat diarrhea in a child.

What is considered diarrhea?

Diarrhea in children is called repeated (more than 5 times a day) loose stools. In infants, diarrhea is the constant “leaking” of the anus, accompanied by frequent bowel movements.

In older children, diarrhea may be accompanied by anal incontinence , which puts them in an awkward position in front of others if the disease is taken by surprise.

Parents should be able to
distinguish loose stools from diarrhea .
Loose stools, or indigestion, occur up to three times a day after overeating, drinking heavily, or eating food that activates intestinal motility. With diarrhea, the child experiences a frequently recurring urge to defecate, which intensifies after eating or drinking.

Causes

The causes are conventionally divided into two groups - external (environmental influences) and internal (disturbance in the functioning of body systems).

External reasons include:

food poisoning from low-quality products;
eating raw fruits and vegetables that excessively increase intestinal motility;
drug therapy (after taking antibiotics);
stress;
systematic overeating.

Internal causes are infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

They can be bacterial (dysentery, typhoid fever, salmonellosis, etc.), viral (rotovirus) or fungal in origin.

inflammation of the intestinal mucosa (enterocolitis, appendicitis, etc.);
allergic reactions to external irritants;
gastrointestinal diseases (ulcers, colitis, internal hemorrhoids, etc.);
dysbacteriosis, that is, a violation of the natural microflora, making normal digestion of food impossible;
oncological diseases;
parasite infection;
renal failure.

In infants, diarrhea can be caused by the following factors:

lactose intolerance (milk sugar in breast milk), that is, a lack of lactase (enzyme) in the body;
teething;
violation of the diet by a nursing mother;
unsuitable milk formula for artificial feeding.

Children under one year old, especially in the first month of life, are characterized by frequent bowel movements (up to 10 times a day). Feces during this period of life have a liquid or mushy consistency.

Therefore, it is important for infants to monitor general changes in well-being , as well as the appearance and smell of stool.

Kinds

According to the nature of its course, diarrhea can be acute (lasts no more than three weeks) and chronic, which exhausts the child for a long time.

According to the mechanism of formation, diarrhea is usually divided into four types:

Exudative, which is characterized by the formation of purulent exudate in the intestinal cavity as a result of infectious diseases. In this case, feces are colored green and may contain impurities of pus and mucus. The smell of feces is putrid.
Secretory , affecting only the small intestine as a result of its colonization by foreign microorganisms. This condition can be caused by dysbiosis or thrush. In this case, the stool is watery, copious, and may contain undigested pieces of food.
Osmolar , associated with gastrointestinal diseases or a lack of digestive enzymes in the body. In this case, the intestines become unable to absorb water passing through it due to damage to the mucous membrane. This type is accompanied by severe abdominal pain. There may be traces of blood in the stool.
Neurogenic , due to the specifics of the baby’s nervous system, which, when irritated, increases intestinal motility. Sometimes hyperkinetic diarrhea is identified as a separate type, which develops with excessive intestinal activity with a uniform diet poor in nutrients (starvation diarrhea).

How to stop vomiting in a child? Find out about this from our article.

Clinical picture

With normal loose stools, the baby's stool does not change color or smell . Only the consistency of the discharge changes. Diarrhea, which is a symptom of serious disorders, can be:

White , associated with the presence of the hepatitis virus in the child’s body. But don't be scared right away. This color of stool during diarrhea occurs in infants, associated with the transition to artificial formula, as well as with enzyme deficiency in older children.
Water - indicates the presence of infection in the body. This clinical picture is typical for rotavirus, but tonsillitis and sinusitis can also be accompanied by watery stools.
With blood - appears with lesions of the intestinal mucosa, internal hemorrhoids. Dark blood color is a very serious symptom (oncology or duodenal ulcer). Scarlet is most likely associated with bleeding hemorrhoids or disruption of the rectal mucosa due to infections (in this case, mucus is also present in the stool).
Green is a sign of the presence of a bacterial infection in the child’s body.
Black is a normal occurrence in the first five days of a baby's life, when meconium formed in utero is passed. In older children, this may be due to the use of activated carbon, preparations with bismuth, and also be a symptom of bleeding in the upper intestine, when the blood “brews” as it moves towards the outlet.
With foam - this type of diarrhea in infants may be associated with a deficiency of the lactase enzyme, an allergy to gluten (celiac disease) or dysbacteriosis. In older children, this is one of the symptoms of the presence of a viral or fungal infection in the body.

What do fever and vomiting mean?

Infantile diarrhea rarely develops without accompanying symptoms.

with fever due to acute intestinal infections and poisoning. In this case, the thermometer rises above 38 degrees.

The temperature during diarrhea associated with teething rarely rises to this figure and does not last long - one or two evenings.

Without fever, the disease develops with a lack of digestive enzymes, gastrointestinal pathology, dysbacteriosis, and stress.

In this case, it is important to study the nature of the feces.

Changes in color, rotten smell, and traces of blood are serious symptoms that require you to consult a doctor.

with vomiting indicates severe intoxication of the body coming from the stomach. If the condition is also accompanied by a high temperature, then this can be either one of the symptoms of an acute attack of appendicitis, or an intestinal infection or poisoning.

Without fever, vomiting and diarrhea can occur with indigestion, damage to the pancreas, or kidney failure.

Diarrhea without vomiting can accompany inflammation of the intestinal mucosa (enterocolitis), a change in diet (complementary feeding, travel), and dysbacteriosis. Persistent loose stools without vomiting and fever occur when infected with parasites (helminths and fungi).

Treatment

What should parents do? When treating, you should remember that diarrhea is only a symptom of a disease that only a doctor can accurately diagnose. But parents must be able to alleviate the baby’s condition in order to avoid dehydration, demineralization and a decline in immunity as a result.

Children of any age are advised to be hungry (especially on the first day), drink plenty of fluids, and dehydration solutions (Regidron, Citroglucosolan, saline solution, etc.).

Medicines

How to treat the baby? The following groups of drugs are used to treat diarrhea:

Enterosorbents - Smecta, Enterosgel. These medications can be given to children from birth. They not only bind toxins, removing them from the intestines, but also heal the mucous membrane.
Antimicrobial . For newborns in the first month of life, only a doctor can prescribe such medications. From one month to two years, Enterofuril can be used in the form of a suspension to treat bacterial intestinal infections. Older children are allowed to take capsules of this medicine.
Antiviral based on interferon. Prescribed orally from the first days of life for viral intestinal and stomach infections. For example, Derinat in the form of drops.

For this purpose, phthalazole is prescribed only from the age of six, furazolidone - from the age of five.

Probiotics - restore intestinal microflora, treat dysbiosis. For this purpose, children are prescribed Hilak Forte, Normobact, Lactobacterin. The products can be used from birth, according to the instructions.
Enzymes . Infants with lactose intolerance are prescribed the enzyme lactase, and older children are prescribed Creon, which restores not only the normal functioning of the intestines, but also the pancreas.
Zinc and calcium supplements are necessary to prevent demineralization. Children need 10-20 mg of zinc per day, depending on age, and the doctor prescribes calcium carbonate in an individual dosage.

For neurogenic diarrhea, a drug that reduces intestinal motility is prescribed - Loperamide. It can only be used from the age of six.

Until this age, nervous diarrhea can be combated with the help of folk remedies.

Folk remedies

How else can you stop diarrhea in a child? The best folk remedy for diarrhea in children is a water infusion of oak bark. The raw materials are bought at the pharmacy and prepared according to the instructions on the box.

For diarrhea in breastfed infants, it is recommended that the nursing mother drink the infusion first . If there is no effect, then you can give it to your baby to drink, diluting it with water in a ratio of 1:3:

up to three months - 2 ml five times a day for three days;
up to one year - 5 ml five to six times a day for 3-5 days.

After a year, you can offer a diluted infusion of 15-20 ml three times a day. This safe antimicrobial agent can be combined with any drug treatment.

Enterosorbents can be replaced by a decoction of oatmeal (20 g per 150 ml of water). A decoction of white rice or blueberry jelly made from potato starch and sugar will slow down peristalsis.

Compote made from dry pears (not fresh!) has a very beneficial effect on the irritated intestinal mucosa. It soothes the mucous membranes and relieves spasms.

Do not use herbal medicine without a doctor's prescription. This can lead to unwanted complications (low blood pressure, bleeding, allergies).

Diet

For diarrhea, a gentle diet is recommended :

the first day is hungry;
second day - pureed cereal soups;
third - pureed soups, crackers made from ordinary bread (not rich!), slimy porridge with water;

Starting from the fourth day, in the absence of contraindications, you can offer your baby steamed cutlets, low-fat broth, mashed potatoes without oil, baked apples.

Dairy products, fresh vegetables and fruits, sweets, confectionery, fast food and canned food are undesirable

Complications

The main complications after diarrhea include:

dehydration, which can lead to kidney failure;
demineralization, which can affect the condition of the teeth;
hypovitaminosis;
ulcers and fissures of the rectum and anus.

When is urgent medical care needed?

An ambulance for diarrhea should be called when:

large amounts of blood in the stool;
abdominal pain, regardless of location;
high fever and vomiting;
signs of severe dehydration (red eyes, dry tongue, rapid breathing and heart rate).

Children under one year of age are especially at risk when dehydrated.

Komarovsky's opinion

Pediatrician Komarovsky believes that it is better to prevent diarrhea in a child by observing hygiene rules and subjecting foods to heat treatment.

For diarrhea, in his opinion, there are two main remedies - hunger and drinking plenty of small portions at a temperature of 36-37 degrees, which ensures instant absorption.

Among the drugs, Evgeniy Olegovich recommends Smecta , which, thanks to its unique crystalline structure, is instantly integrated into the intestinal mucosa, completely restoring it.

After providing first aid, the pediatrician strongly recommends that you consult a specialist to make a correct diagnosis.

Prevention

In order for diarrhea to stop being a frequent guest in your home, you need to :

teach your child to wash their hands before eating and going to the toilet;
follow the rules of food preparation and storage;
eliminate allergens from the diet;
take tests every six months for timely diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.

Diarrhea in a child is a protective reaction of the body to intoxication or a signal of problems with the gastrointestinal tract . Therefore, after parents provide first aid, consultation with a professional is required.

About diarrhea during teething in a child in this video:

We kindly ask you not to self-medicate. Make an appointment with a doctor!

Source: https://pediatrio.ru/p/ponos/chem-lechit-u-rebenka.html

Food poisoning

The reason is eating food containing toxins. Produced by pathogenic microorganisms. Poisoning appears within a few hours (1-12). A person experiences multiple symptoms. Before starting treatment, it is necessary to carry out differential diagnosis with other diseases.

Main symptoms of food poisoning:

Nausea.
Vomit.
Diarrhea.
Pain, cramps in the abdomen.
Increased temperature (37-40 degrees).
Weakness.
Pallor.

The first sign of poisoning is nausea. Lasts short term. Soon, severe vomiting begins. The stomach is cleansed. The process cannot be stopped. Prolonged, uncontrollable vomiting is an indication for the use of antiemetic drugs.

After vomiting there will be relief. The person will feel weak. Pallor of the skin will appear. Now, after vomiting, they take enterosorbents (activated carbon) and other drugs (light manganese solution, Enterosgel). In some cases, it is possible to take infusions of medicinal herbs (chamomile, St. John's wort) in small quantities.

Diarrhea (diarrhea) is a natural cleansing mechanism. Helps remove remnants of contaminated food from the body. Depending on the causative agent of the disease, diarrhea may vary in color.

With diarrhea due to increasing peristalsis, the sick person experiences severe cramps. The sensations may persist after recovery. After diarrhea, the body is dehydrated. In case of severe dehydration, take Regidron solution.

Temperature during vomiting and diarrhea indicates the severity of the condition. A temperature of 37 degrees indicates the presence of a sluggish process. An increase to 38 degrees indicates the transition of the infectious process to the acute phase. Careful monitoring of the person's condition is required.

Food poisoning of mild and moderate severity can be cured at home, using improvised means. The use of antipyretics and nitrofuran drugs is allowed.

A sharp deterioration in the patient’s condition (headaches, fainting, blurred vision, temperature rose to 39-40 degrees, cardiac disturbances appeared) requires urgent hospitalization. Get tested and get an accurate diagnosis. Depending on this, treatment tactics are chosen.

An adult is more susceptible to food poisoning than a child. The child's body has an immature immune system. A mild disease is severe. At a temperature of 38, there is a need for hospitalization. Even if there is a fever, diarrhea occurs without vomiting. The use of enemas with salted water is justified (dissolve 1 tablespoon of salt in 1 liter of boiled water).

Viral and bacterial infections

The appearance of incessant vomiting and diarrhea with fever in a person always gives reason to suspect infection with viruses and bacteria. The diseases are severe. Timely laboratory testing (blood, feces, urine, vomit) can identify the pathogen. Afterwards, adequate therapy is selected.

Common viral and bacterial infections:

Rotavirus.
Dysentery.
Salmonellosis.
Viral hepatitis.

Viral type hepatitis

Rotaviruses

Rotavirus (intestinal flu) is a microorganism that affects the human intestines. They are infected by the fecal-oral route. Not related to the influenza virus. The disease began to be called that because of the similarity of symptoms (temperature 37-38, runny nose, cough, headache, sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness).

When infected with rotavirus, the patient's stool becomes clay-like and acquires a light, grayish-yellow hue. An admixture of blood appears. In a child, the disease is more severe than in an adult. If your baby is feeling very sick or vomiting, take action. The disease is acute at the first infection. The virus causes active production of antibodies, and persistent immunity develops.

There are no specific medications. Treatment is symptomatic. It is recommended to drink plenty of fluids, activated carbon, and antipyretics. Be careful when communicating with sick people. They are contagious and must be isolated.

Dysentery

The cause of the disease is the entry of bacteria of the genus Shigella into the intestines. This bacterium causes severe damage, mainly to the large intestine. The source of infection can be people, water, food. Symptoms of infection appear 2-7 days after contact with an infected object.

The disease can begin in different ways. Headaches, lethargy, and fever are quickly replaced by abdominal pain. Severe diarrhea appears, the temperature rises to 39. The skin turns pale, the tongue becomes brown. The heart rate increases and blood pressure decreases.

The number of bowel movements is from 20 to 50 times a day. Gradually, the stool turns into a mixture of mucus, blood and pus. The duration of the disease is 3-4 weeks. Complications – peritonitis and paraproctitis.

Dysentery disease

Treatment depends on the severity. Mild form - treatment table No. 4, nitrofurans, hydroxyquinolines. For moderate and severe forms, a combination of antibiotics is selected. Drugs are prescribed taking into account the sensitivity of the strain.

Salmonellosis

The intestinal infection is caused by the bacterium Salmonella. Occurs upon contact with a sick person, animal or food. The development is acute (chills, fever up to 41 degrees with nausea, vomiting, headaches).

A specific symptom is frequent, watery bowel movements. The stool is green, with bile, and lasts 8-10 days.
Joint pain, enlargement of the liver and spleen are often observed.

The patient is placed in the infectious diseases department. The diagnosis is made after laboratory tests. Treatment is carried out using penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, and specific bacteriophages. Antibiotics are not prescribed if there is no blood in the stool.

The patient is prescribed plenty of fluids, solutions to restore electrolyte balance, diet, medications to remove toxins, and restore intestinal microflora.

Possible complications:

peritonitis;
toxic shock;
polyarthritis;
renal failure.

Salmonellosis disease

Viral hepatitis

Acute viral liver disease. The incubation period is from 7 days to 6 months, depending on the strain (A, B, C, D, E, F, G). You can become infected by dirty water, contaminated food, syringes, or unprotected sex.

The disease begins with fever, nausea, and pain in the epigastric region. Then aches and headaches follow. Appetite is reduced. Diarrhea and flatulence begin. Severe skin itching appears.

Against this background, there is a significant increase in the size of the liver and spleen. A man vomits bile. Urine darkens, feces become discolored. Signs of general intoxication are increasing. After the skin and sclera of the eyes turn yellow, some relief occurs.

Children experience hepatitis differently. If a child has always had low body resistance, then a mild form of the disease will be severe.

No treatment is required for hepatitis A infection. Prescribe a diet, bed rest, plenty of fluids, antispasmodics (no-spa, papaverine), choleretic agents. If necessary, detoxification drugs are added (intravenously).

Infection with other types of hepatitis is more severe. In addition to basic therapy, antiviral treatment with interferons is used. A complete cure is almost impossible. Correct therapy achieves long-term remissions. A long ban on alcohol is introduced.

Complications:

chronic gallbladder diseases;
necrosis;
cirrhosis;
cancer.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Disorders of the stomach and intestines lead to the development of various diseases. Increased or decreased secretion of gastric juice and digestive enzymes causes malfunctions of internal organs. Pancreatitis, gastritis, gastroduodenitis, peptic ulcer and many other gastrointestinal diseases often have similar symptoms in appearance.

Pancreatitis is considered the most dangerous. In men it develops due to consumption of alcohol and fatty foods, and in women due to cholelithiasis, diets, and hormonal fluctuations.

The primary symptom is vomiting mixed with bile, epigastric pain, diarrhea and slight fever. For mild nausea and mild pain in the stomach, the patient can be treated at home, symptomatically. If the temperature rises to 38-39 degrees, it means that pathogenic intestinal flora has joined. Taking antibiotics will help relieve inflammation.

Digestive disorders deserve close attention. After conducting a comprehensive examination, the gastroenterologist will be able to prescribe appropriate treatment. This will eliminate possible complications.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract include diarrhea and fever, which are accompanied by weakness and vomiting. You won’t be able to cope with them on your own, so self-medication is not recommended. Find out how to provide first aid to a sick child or adult, and how to treat the cause of unpleasant symptoms.

What is diarrhea

In medicine, diarrhea (or diarrhea) is a condition of the body accompanied by nausea, frequent loose, watery stools, pain in the abdomen, and sometimes high fever. Diarrhea causes dehydration and is dangerous for the elderly and children, so it is important to know what treatment to use in order to prevent serious consequences.

There are acute and chronic diarrhea. The first lasts up to two weeks and is caused by allergic reactions to medications, food poisoning, and infections. A chronic disease is persistent, prolonged diarrhea with periods of remission. Leads to weakening and dehydration of the body, and may be a symptom of a hidden disease. Causes of long-term constant diarrhea can be ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome.

An intestinal infection is accompanied by severe chills and bloody stool. An urgent visit to a doctor is needed if diarrhea lasts more than five days in adults and two in children, dark bloody stool, severe pain, or dehydration. It is especially important to see a doctor if diarrhea develops after returning from Africa or Asia.

Clinical picture

With normal loose stools, the baby's stool does not change color or smell . Only the consistency of the discharge changes. Diarrhea, which is a symptom of serious disorders, can be:

White , associated with the presence of the hepatitis virus in the child’s body. But don't be scared right away. This color of stool during diarrhea occurs in infants, associated with the transition to artificial formula, as well as with enzyme deficiency in older children.
Water - indicates the presence of infection in the body. This clinical picture is typical for rotavirus, but tonsillitis and sinusitis can also be accompanied by watery stools.
With blood - appears with lesions of the intestinal mucosa, internal hemorrhoids. Dark blood color is a very serious symptom (oncology or duodenal ulcer). Scarlet is most likely associated with bleeding hemorrhoids or disruption of the rectal mucosa due to infections (in this case, mucus is also present in the stool).
Green is a sign of the presence of a bacterial infection in the child’s body.
Black is a normal occurrence in the first five days of a baby's life, when meconium formed in utero is passed. In older children, this may be due to the use of activated carbon, preparations with bismuth, and also be a symptom of bleeding in the upper intestine, when the blood “brews” as it moves towards the outlet.
With foam - this type of diarrhea in infants may be associated with a deficiency of the lactase enzyme, an allergy to gluten (celiac disease) or dysbacteriosis. In older children, this is one of the symptoms of the presence of a viral or fungal infection in the body.

What is temperature

Body temperature is understood as an indicator of the thermal state of the human body, reflecting the relationship between organs and the external environment. Increased and high body temperature is dangerous for humans: up to 38 is subfebrile, up to 39 is febrile, up to 41 is pyretic, above 41 is hyperpyretic. The critical indicator is 42 degrees - at this temperature, brain tissue is destroyed, which leads to death.

The causes of fever are viruses and bacteria. The fever is accompanied by fatigue, weakness, dry skin, mucous membranes, mild or severe chills. A reading above 38.5 degrees is a reason to urgently call a doctor at home, especially if a person has muscle aches, pain in the limbs, arrhythmia, or loss of appetite.

Fever and diarrhea in an adult

If a person has a high fever and diarrhea at the same time, doctors suggest a diagnosis of acute diarrhea. It can be caused by viral, parasitic or bacterial infections. The causes of acute diarrhea are a viral disease, traveler's diarrhea. The causative agents of the combination of diarrhea and fever are:

E. coli – infects meat, fish, milk, vegetables, fruits, water. The infection is transmitted from person to person, symptoms are watery stools with blood, vomiting.
Salmonella - contains raw milk and poorly fried eggs. An excited illness is accompanied by acute abdominal pain, fever, and a frequency of diarrhea 12-15 times a day;
Shigella - found in food products, loose stools with blood, abdominal cramps are observed;
Rotavirus (viral infection) - you can become infected from others, a person is bothered by vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea.

Causes

The causes are conventionally divided into two groups - external (environmental influences) and internal (disturbance in the functioning of body systems).

External reasons include:

food poisoning from low-quality products;
eating raw fruits and vegetables that excessively increase intestinal motility;
drug therapy (after taking antibiotics);
stress;
systematic overeating.

Internal causes are infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

They can be bacterial (dysentery, typhoid fever, salmonellosis, etc.), viral (rotovirus) or fungal in origin.

inflammation of the intestinal mucosa (enterocolitis, appendicitis, etc.);
allergic reactions to external irritants;
gastrointestinal diseases (ulcers, colitis, internal hemorrhoids, etc.);
dysbacteriosis, that is, a violation of the natural microflora, making normal digestion of food impossible;
oncological diseases;
parasite infection;
renal failure.

In infants, diarrhea can be caused by the following factors:

lactose intolerance (milk sugar in breast milk), that is, a lack of lactase (enzyme) in the body;
teething;
violation of the diet by a nursing mother;
unsuitable milk formula for artificial feeding.

Therefore, it is important for infants to monitor general changes in well-being , as well as the appearance and smell of stool.

Causes

Loose stools and fever in adults or children are more often associated with food poisoning. Other reasons are:

eating a lot of food;
allergic reactions;
exceeding the dosage of medications;
severe stress, emotional tension;
sudden climate change;
damage to the gastrointestinal tract by an infectious disease;
stomach ulcer, gastritis;
poisoning with heavy metals, poisons, chemical toxins;
radiation damage.

Diarrhea, nausea, fever

Diarrhea with fever and nausea serves as a protective reaction to toxins entering the body. The reasons for the development of these symptoms together are:

abuse of fatty foods with enzyme deficiency;
cholera, hepatitis;
gastritis, ulcer, inflammation of the pancreas, cholecystitis;
poisoning with mercury vapor, nitrates, poisonous mushrooms.

Loose stools and temperature 37

When diarrhea and a temperature of 37 degrees appear, doctors may suspect gastroenteritis or intestinal flu due to viruses entering the intestines. Their toxins cause inflammation that affects the intestinal mucosa. A person becomes contagious to other people. Viruses can enter the body through food and drinks:

with unwashed fruits, expired food;
with unboiled water, when swimming in an infected body of water;
airborne through sneezing or interacting with large numbers of people.

The incubation period lasts 16 hours, after which the intestinal mucosa is destroyed. Signs of a dangerous disease are:

frequent liquid diarrhea – 10 times a day;
nausea, vomiting, cough, sore throat;
mucus in stool;
gray-yellow clay-like stool color;
pain in the stomach area.

Diarrhea and temperature 38 in an adult

With severe diarrhea and a temperature of 38 degrees, doctors diagnose “damage to the gastrointestinal tract due to the development of infection.” The causes may be an overdose of antibiotics, hormonal non-steroidal drugs, and digestive disorders. The latter can be caused by overeating or eating low-quality foods. If you feel worse, visit a gastroenterologist or therapist.

Fever, nausea, diarrhea, weakness

Symptoms of food poisoning include weakness, high fever and watery diarrhea in an adult or child. They appear suddenly after eating foods, without an incubation period. Two hours after ingestion, the pathogen (infection of microbes, viruses or ingestion of chemical toxins) acts on the body. Characteristic symptoms are:

liquid stool that comes out spasmodically;
decreased blood pressure;
cold sweat;
When poisoned by poisons, vision and brain function are impaired, and muscles lose tone.

Diarrhea and fever in a child - causes, diagnosis and emergency care

Diarrhea is a disorder of the digestive system due to a violation of the intestinal microflora. If diarrhea is accompanied by fever in the body, it may be an infection.

What should you do if your child’s diarrhea and fever last for several days? How to help a 4-month-old baby and a 3-year-old child? What should be the first aid for a high temperature, how to treat the baby? Let's look at it in the article.

Temperature with diarrhea

In this situation, it is important to find out the causes and provoking factors of the pathology. Heat in the body rises in response to the reaction of the immune system, diarrhea can be due to various reasons. However, a relationship between these conditions cannot be ruled out. The child’s temperature may rise due to an inflammatory process of an infectious or non-infectious nature.

Non-infectious causes may include the following:

indigestion, food poisoning;
side effect from taking medications;
teething in children under one year of age;
parasite infection;
reaction to the vaccine;
dysbiosis.

Diarrhea in a child with a fever may appear against the background of nervous experiences or a stressful situation. Children aged 2 years may have gastritis or inflammation of the intestines - colitis.

These symptoms are not related to viral infections, although they are accompanied by fever in the body. Usually the disorder goes away within 24 hours, sometimes after a few hours.

The child is recovering, but you still need to contact your treating pediatrician.

The child may have diarrhea and a fever after vaccination. However, if the fever occurs on the fifth or sixth day after vaccination, this indicates a viral infection or a cold. These symptoms do not apply to vaccination.

Infectious causes:

rotavirus infection;
dysentery;
enterovirus;
colds;
salmonellosis.

If diarrhea of a non-infectious factor is characterized by a temperature of 37 or 37.5, then if infected with an infection, the fever can rise to 40 degrees.

Diarrhea and fever of 38 will not go away on their own; you need to call an ambulance. Intestinal upset is especially dangerous when the body is hot in children under 1 year of age, since this pathology threatens to dehydrate the body.

The baby suddenly loses fluid in the body, which leads to major complications.

If a child has a fever accompanied by severe diarrhea, these may be signs of a dangerous disease. Especially if it is black diarrhea with a strong odor.

Diagnostics

The nature of the pathology can be determined before the doctor arrives. Fecal discharge can be different:

with blood;
with mucus;
accompanied by vomiting;
accompanied by a rash on the body;
accompanied by cold symptoms;
accompanied by swelling of the gums (for example, in a baby at 7 months).

Bloody diarrhea indicates the activity of E. coli in the body. If a child has a temperature of 38, and he can hardly tolerate it, it is necessary to bring down the fever. You cannot give food in this state; if there is no vomiting, offer to drink more often.

Feces mixed with mucus indicate the activity of pathogenic microorganisms - salmonella, coccal infection, rotavirus. You should not wait for a further increase in temperature - you need to give an antipyretic and give the baby water more often.

If a child has diarrhea and fever accompanied by vomiting, this is an extremely dangerous condition. These symptoms will indicate food poisoning - if the limbs are cold and the face turns pale.

The child may become covered in sticky sweat. In this case, the body is allowed to cleanse itself, the gag reflex is not suppressed.

To prevent dehydration, it is suggested to drink water more often, but a small amount at a time.

If a child's temperature of 38 is accompanied by diarrhea and abdominal pain, this is a reaction to low-quality products. Try to remember what you fed your baby that day.

What to do? As in the previous case, the gag reflex cannot be suppressed. You cannot stop diarrhea - the cleansing process is ongoing.

A child under 2 years of age and one-year-old babies should be given Regidron in a dosage according to age so that the water-salt balance is not disturbed.

Rashes on a child’s body along with diarrhea and fever can be a symptom of one of the childhood diseases - measles, scarlet fever, rubella. This could also be a manifestation of an allergy to the medicine if a vaccine was administered.

A child may also experience fever and diarrhea when the first or second tooth erupts; this applies to infants. If the baby is seven months old, examine the gums for inflammation. The temperature may linger for 5 days, especially if tooth eruption coincides with vaccination.

A cold can also be accompanied by intestinal upset. You can distinguish a cold from other diseases by a red throat, cough and loss of strength in your baby. If a child has an inflamed middle ear (otitis), he will hold his sore ear with his hand or complain of pain.

Help a child

How to treat the baby? Firstly, it is unacceptable to give a child antibiotics or other drugs other than antipyretics. The exceptions are enterosorbents - smecta, activated carbon. Secondly, ensure you drink plenty of fluids. Thirdly, do not wrap yourself in warm clothes and blankets. Fourth, call an ambulance.

To prevent severe dehydration, it is necessary to give rehydrants. If you don’t have Regidron in your home medicine cabinet, you can prepare the medicine yourself:

per liter of boiled water add 0.5 tsp of soda, a teaspoon of table salt and a tablespoon of granulated sugar;
per liter of boiled water add 0.5 tsp of soda, the juice of two oranges, 8 tsp of granulated sugar, 1 tsp of regular salt;
You can give your child still mineral water and acidified tea.

Important! If you have diarrhea with fever, you should not eat fatty, fried or heavy foods: you must follow a diet.

Starchy foods have a fixing effect - jelly, rice water, porridge, carrots. You can give blueberry compote or jelly to drink - it helps well with diarrhea. A decoction of pomegranate skins has been time-tested: it has an astringent property and disinfects the intestines. As a drink, you can give dill water, fennel and chamomile tea: the child’s diarrhea will go away sooner.

What should be the treatment: black diarrhea with an odor? If the stool is not colored by activated carbon or the consumption of blueberries, this symptom indicates a very serious illness. For example, a child may have internal bleeding. Sometimes such diarrhea is accompanied by profuse vomiting.

Bottom line

What should be the treatment for alarming symptoms – diarrhea with fever? At home, before the medical team arrives, it is necessary to bring down the fever and provide the child with plenty of fluids.

No independent treatment procedures can be carried out.

Remember that the body of a one-year-old or 2-year-old baby can become dehydrated in a matter of hours, so take care of restoring fluid in the body - give Regidron or mineral water.

Particular care must be taken with infants, as they have a weak self-defense function of the body. Call emergency services immediately, bring down the fever and drink water from a spoon or pacifier every 10 minutes.

Source: https://temperatura03.ru/simptomy/ponos-i-temperatura-u-rebenka.html

Diarrhea and fever in childhood

In babies, the dangerous temperature for diarrhea is 37 degrees or more. The causes of these symptoms are:

eating disorder, intoxication of the body - pale face, cold feet and hands, stomach pain;
reaction to medications;
acetonemic syndrome - lack of carbohydrates, past infectious diseases of the digestive system, stress, manifested by vomiting, unpleasant odor of acetone from the mouth;
teething - gums may begin to swell;
failure to comply with hygiene rules – signs of poisoning are visible;
helminthic infestations - severe diarrhea;
gastritis, colitis, dysbacteriosis - signs of toxins entering the body disappear with medication;
enterovirus – bloody diarrhea (invasive bloody diarrhea);
rubella, scarlet fever, measles - rashes on the skin;
flu, sore throat, otitis media, pharyngitis – redness of the throat, enlarged tonsils, nasal congestion, temperature may rise;
dysentery, salmonellosis - green feces with mucus.

Diarrhea and fever in a child: causes, treatment, algorithm of actions for parents

Diarrhea in a baby is a common occurrence, sometimes resolving with diet. Fever due to intestinal upset in a child is a serious symptom that indicates serious pathologies in the child’s body. Diarrhea and fever require close parental attention. But first you need to establish the cause of the alarming symptoms.

Causes

Children of all age categories are susceptible to diseases that have a similar symptom. But the majority falls on children of primary preschool age.

The reasons that provoked such a reaction of the body may be infectious or non-infectious in nature.

A slight temperature - up to 37 degrees - and diarrhea can be observed with an eating disorder or become a reaction to medications. This disorder goes away within a day. In diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea often appears, and the temperature is low or normal. Loose stools caused by these factors disappear on the third day.

An intestinal infection causes severe diarrhea and high body temperature - 39 degrees or higher. If a child’s body is infected, urgent medical attention is required. Diseases caused by infection:

Rotavirus;
ARVI;
Salmonellosis;
Dysentery;
Viral hepatitis;
Scarlet fever, rubella.

Rotavirus

A common disease in young children, also known as intestinal flu. Symptoms of infection: high fever, nausea, vomiting, weakness. On the second day, diarrhea begins. The child is capricious and refuses food. The symptoms of the disease resemble poisoning, but the baby has a fever for five days.

Proper treatment eliminates the disease within a week.

Salmonellosis

Diseases of the digestive system are typical for the summer period. Occurs when consuming low-quality products or products whose expiration date has expired.

The incubation period can last three days. Infection begins in the small intestine. Then it moves to the lymph nodes. The diarrhea is severe with a pungent odor. The baby has a stomach ache and no appetite.

The liver and spleen increase in size.

Dysentery

Bacterial infection is common among preschool children. Easily treatable if diagnosed early. Symptoms of the disease:

Fever;
Increased body temperature;
Weakness;
Acute diarrhea, with bloody or mucous patches;
Stomach ache.

If the disease becomes severe, the child may experience seizures.

Children suspected of having the disease are isolated. The diagnosis is made after examination and laboratory tests of the child’s material.

Scarlet fever

The infection is transmitted by airborne droplets. The first signs of the disease appear in the form of headache, vomiting, fever, and diarrhea. After the fever and acute symptoms subside, a small rash appears on the skin. The child has a red throat with pus on the tonsils, the nasolabial triangle is white. The tongue is coated. After a week, the skin of the sick child begins to peel off.

Some signs are characteristic of other diseases. A similar symptom - a rash - occurs with rubella and measles.

Food intoxication

Diarrhea and fever may be accompanied by vomiting due to food poisoning of poor quality. When intoxicated, the limbs become cold and the body becomes covered in sweat.

In case of poisoning, it is not recommended to stop vomiting and diarrhea, since this way the body is cleansed of harmful toxins. All an adult can do is give the child warm, clean water to drink to avoid dehydration.

Parents' actions

If the child is one year old or older, the diarrhea is mild, and the temperature is not high, you can limit yourself to a gentle diet and give the baby more fluids. Symptoms should disappear after a day. If there are signs of infection or poisoning, action must be taken.

First of all, parents should inform the doctor about the illness. Before visiting a doctor, adults can provide first aid to the baby themselves.

It is allowed to give sorbents to the baby. Smecta and Activated carbon are acceptable. It is important to prevent the patient from dehydration. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish the water-salt balance using a rehydration solution.

If the temperature exceeds 38 degrees, you can give an antipyretic drug based on paracetamol. If a one-year-old baby has a fever, use antipyretic in the form of suppositories. Fever in a two-year-old child - the drug is in the form of a suspension. A low temperature not exceeding 38 degrees does not require the use of medications aimed at reducing values.

The parent should isolate the child from other family members until the cause of the symptom is determined. You should absolutely not give your baby antibiotics without a doctor’s prescription. It is prohibited to treat intestinal infections on your own.

What to do

Home treatment can reduce the impact of dangerous symptoms, provided that the following recommendations are followed:

give the patient plenty of drink - Borzhom or Essentuki mineral water, dried fruit compotes, weak fruit drinks, weak tea with honey;
follow a dietary diet – boiled cereals, vegetable soups;
take fermented milk products, non-acidic cheeses, low-fat cottage cheese;
drink starchy jelly for health;
eat more boiled vegetables and baked fruits;
You can bring down the temperature above 38 degrees with Nurofen, Aspirin, Paracetamol;
take calcium supplements, pro- or prebiotics with pectin, acidophilus.

First aid

If the temperature rises and bowel movements appear, the first aid for the patient will be the following measures:

at the first signs of intestinal poisoning, induce vomiting to lavage the stomach - drink a solution of potassium permanganate or soda, repeat until the stomach is completely empty, then take an absorbent;
to prevent signs of dehydration, every 10 minutes give the patient a sip of Regidron (a packet per liter of water), drink plenty of fluids;
on the first day of treatment for severe weakness, you should refuse to eat, drink more and rest, then follow a light diet and drink broths;
The temperature during diarrhea should not drop to 37 degrees (it indicates that the body is in the process of independently fighting the infection). In this situation, provide the patient with complete rest.

Drug treatment

In case of a complicated course of the disease, diagnostics are required to prescribe the correct drugs for treatment. Diagnosis measures include the use of coprograms, stool tests for dysbacteriosis and helminths, general and biochemical blood tests, and abdominal ultrasound. Depending on the cause of diarrhea, treatment methods include:

taking sorbents – Smecta, Enterosgel, activated carbon, Polyphepan, Neosmectin, activated carbon (tablet per 10 kg body weight), Balignin, Attapultit
gastric lavage in case of severe vomiting;
rehydration therapy for fluid loss - Regidron, Gastrolita, Citroglucosolan, chamomile tea, pharmaceutical saline solution;
antipyretics for headaches - Paracetamol, Nurofen;
taking fluoroquinolone antibiotics or cephalosporins - in severe condition, presence of blood in diarrhea
lacto- and bifidobacteria to restore intestinal microflora during rotavirus infection;
taking anti-inflammatory drugs on the first day of illness - Indomethacin, Diclofenac, Sulfasalosin;
When diarrhea occurs, it is useful to take Festal or Mezim to stimulate intestinal function and remove toxins.

Traditional treatment

If diarrhea and high fever appear in an adult or child, you can use traditional medicine recipes to help get rid of dehydration:

Taking rice or pomegranate broth, mint infusion, fresh blueberries.
Consuming dry starch dissolved in water, diluted carrot puree, chamomile or mint tea.
Taking rehydration solutions - take a tablespoon of sugar, a teaspoon of salt and half a teaspoon of soda per liter of boiled water. Or dissolve eight teaspoons of sugar, a teaspoon of salt, and the fresh juice of two oranges or grapefruits in a liter. It is necessary to give the patient food every five minutes in small portions.

First aid

Hyperthermia in combination with diarrhea actively contributes to dehydration of the body and this is the main danger of this condition.

There is no point in hoping that the disease will go away on its own, without treatment. If a child has diarrhea, fever and vomiting, he or she requires urgent medical attention.

While waiting for a doctor, you can alleviate the condition of a small patient by the following measures:

give the child a raspberry decoction, fruit drink or infusion of medicinal herbs at room temperature;
remove excess clothing from him;
open the window in the room;
give him activated carbon, etc.

These measures will help lower the temperature a little, make you feel better and stop the process of dehydration.

It's good to give your baby something to drink. To do this, you need to take a liter of water, add a tablespoon of sugar, ten grams of salt and five grams of soda. This remedy can help a lot when a child has a temperature of 38-39 and vomiting with loose stools. It allows you to avoid complications, reduce the manifestations of diarrhea, stop the process of dehydration, replenish the loss of microelements, and also stabilize the functioning of the body to some extent.

You can prepare the nutrient solution differently. For a liter of boiled water you need to take eighty grams of sugar, ten grams of salt and freshly prepared juice of a couple of grapefruits or oranges.

The baby should be given water every five to ten minutes. These substances will help replenish the lack of electrolytes, stabilize overall health and metabolism.

If a child has a temperature of 39 and a stomach ache, then you cannot give him painkillers. The doctor must see a clear clinical picture of the disease. In general, all the symptoms, the peculiarities of their course and the measures taken must be recorded hourly, so that later you can tell a specialist about everything in detail.

Prevention

To prevent weakness, fever, diarrhea and vomiting, you need to follow simple but effective rules of prevention:

When preparing food, observe the shelf life of products;
Avoid self-treatment with antibiotics;
store ingredients only in the refrigerator in compliance with the commodity proximity, do not keep raw meat next to fresh vegetables;
choose only high-quality food products, without expired expiration dates;
do not eat raw fish in rolls, cook steaks without blood, do not drink unpasteurized milk, untested water;
wash your hands more often;
eliminate insects in the kitchen;
wash dishes thoroughly.

Gastrointestinal diseases

The organs of the digestive system are tightly connected to each other, and the intestines are the controller that reflects the quality of work of each of them. At the moment of damage to any of the organs of this system, a reaction from the intestines is immediately observed in the form of thinning and increased frequency of stools. In this case, vomiting or fever may be added after vomiting and diarrhea.

A group of diseases can cause such unpleasant symptoms:

Pancreatitis is when the pancreas becomes inflamed and the production of digestive enzymes is disrupted. This leads to increased stress on the organs, which causes vomiting, diarrhea and nausea, as well as fever.
Acute or chronic appendicitis also manifests itself with such unpleasant symptoms as vomiting and diarrhea in a child. But at the same time, severe pain is still felt in the lower right corner of the abdomen.
Inflammatory diseases in the intestines, which also cause complex disorders in the gastrointestinal tract.
Ulcerative formations are also accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting in the child. But often in the stool with such ailments you can notice black specks, which represent digested blood.
Meningococcal infection, which affects cells in the brain and intestines. In addition to indigestion, in this case there is also a severe headache, muscle spasms and severe nausea.

Each of these cases requires specific treatment, which can only be selected after a careful examination.

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