How to properly treat hemorrhoids during an exacerbation

Hemorrhoids are a chronic disease, and like any chronic disease, it can occur with exacerbations. Usually, it manifests itself with poor nutrition and an inactive lifestyle.

A distinctive feature of exacerbation of hemorrhoids is the appearance of very unpleasant, pronounced symptoms: bleeding, prolapse of nodes, itching, mucous discharge.

In this case, it is necessary to urgently begin treatment of the disease.

Causes

The pelvic area is characterized by an extensive venous network that supplies the intestines with blood. If blood enters in excessive quantities, and intra-abdominal pressure increases, this leads to the appearance of stagnation.

In this case, there is an overflow of venous blood into the cavernous bodies and the formation of hemorrhoids, which are constantly increasing. There are many reasons for this mechanism of development of hemorrhoids.

In most cases, they are:

• sedentary work;
• poor nutrition;
• inactive lifestyle;
• improper functioning of the digestive tract;

Most often, exacerbation is observed in those people whose activities involve constant sitting or standing.

If a person often consumes sweets, refined foods, and animal fats, this leads to the appearance of a pathological condition. It is also caused by consuming insufficient fiber.

Hemorrhoids can become inflamed with frequent constipation or diarrhea. Lifting weights leads to exacerbation of hemorrhoids, which is explained by an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. In women, hemorrhoids often become inflamed during pregnancy.

Avo isoimmune system

Symptoms of pathology

With hemorrhoids, in most cases there is severe pain in the anal area. With external hemorrhoids, a person can feel a swollen node in the anus. It is characterized by pain and a bluish color. When a thrombosed node ruptures, the patient experiences bleeding.

With complications of acute hemorrhoids, the development of an inflammatory process is observed. In this case, body temperature may rise, as well as general weakness and malaise.

The duration of the acute phase of the disease directly depends on the timeliness of therapy. It can range from 1 week to several months.

Coagulation hemostasis

Blood coagulation is a cascade enzymatic process in which protease proteins, non-enzymatic protein accelerators of the process and the final substrate protein - fibrinogen - take part.

When large blood vessels (arteries, veins) are damaged, a platelet plug also forms, but it is not able to stop the bleeding; the main role in this process is blood clotting, which is ultimately accompanied by the formation of a dense fibrin clot.

An important feature of the hemocoagulation cascade is that the activation and interaction of blood coagulation factors always occurs on free plasma phospholipid membranes.

From the moment of launch to the final stage of the cascade process, the number of sequentially activated molecules increases. For example, one molecule of factor IXa activates several dozen factor X, and one molecule Xa activates many molecules of factor II.

Treatment at home

Some patients try to overcome the acute phase of hemorrhoids on their own. Before using a certain method, it is imperative to consult a doctor. In most cases, at home, sea buckthorn oil is used to make lotions or tampons.

To eliminate pain, it is recommended to use ice suppositories. Potato suppositories, which are inserted into the rectum at night, are quite effective in treating the disease at home.

Use of tablets

To ensure a comprehensive effect on acute hemorrhoids, it is recommended to take tablets. In most cases, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are taken. The dosage is determined by the doctor depending on the course of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient.

It is recommended to take Detralex, Hemorroidin, Ginkor form, etc.

Candles

To combat the exacerbation of the internal form of the disease, suppositories are used - Relifa, Proctoglivenol. Natalsida. With their help, pain is eliminated and the patient's condition is alleviated. Their appointment is made regardless of the stage of development of the disease.

Ointments

To eliminate signs of exacerbation, ointments are used. With their help, inflammatory processes are eliminated, as well as the healing of cracks and wounds, which has a positive effect on the elimination of bleeding. The most frequently prescribed ointments are Vishnevsky, Levomekol, Troxevasin, and Proctosan.

All medications are developed on the basis of an antibiotic, which has a local effect. That is why, with the help of ointments, hemorrhoids are eliminated as quickly as possible, as well as the prevention of infectious processes in the rectal area.

Methodology for determining vestibulo-somatic stability.

Motor activity in many sports is accompanied by rapid changes in both the direction of movement and the position of the athlete’s head relative to the vertical, that is, movements that to one degree or another irritate the vestibular analyzer.

The function of the vestibular analyzer is considered in two aspects: as an organ of balance and orientation of the body in space and as an organ directly involved in the regulation of metabolic processes for the optimal energy regime of active movement at a given time.

In the theory and practice of modern sports, in recent years there has been increased interest in the problem of increasing the functional capabilities of vestibular analysis as a system that plays an important role in the athlete’s orientation in space and the performance of highly coordinated motor acts.

As a rule, the stability of the vestibular analyzer increases with increasing sports qualifications, and the level of sports achievements in many sports closely correlates with the level of stability of the vestibular analyzer.

focusing the operational attitude of the person performing the exercise not on waiting for a signal to act, but on an immediate response (reaction) with action (with an expectation attitude, the latent reaction time is, as a rule, longer);

preparedness to perform an action following the latent period of a motor reaction.

If the action that completes the motor reaction is formed only at an initial stage or the level of development of coordination and other abilities necessary for its high-quality implementation is insufficient, then the latent time of even a simple motor reaction increases significantly.

1. Method for measuring muscle strength (dynamometry).

Muscle strength is directly dependent on the number of muscle fibers, that is, on the thickness of the muscle (diameter of the physiological section). Strength endurance is a person’s ability for prolonged muscle contraction, that is, it characterizes the ability to continue muscular work with developing fatigue. Strength endurance also increases with age. A sharp increase in endurance occurs between the ages of 7 and 10 years.

Equipment and materials: Hand and backbone dynamometers, microcalculators.

Consider the device of a wrist dynamometer. The hand dynamometer has an oval shape and is represented by a steel spring, the degree of compression of which is adjusted by an arrow. Wrist dynamometers of different brands are used: DK-25 - for children, DK-50 - for teenagers and women, DK-100 - for men, DK-140 - for athletes.

Take the hand dynamometer with your right hand, which you move away from your body until you get a right angle with it. Place your other hand down along your body. Squeeze the fingers of your right hand with maximum force 5 times, taking intervals of several minutes and fixing the position of the arrow each time. The greatest deflection of the dynamometer needle is an indicator of the maximum strength of the hand muscles. Make the same determinations for the left hand. Determine the average strength of the muscles of the right and left arms, the error of the average, and the standard deviation.

Diet

Further, the consumption of soft and semi-liquid cereals is allowed. At the same time, cooking barley and millet porridges is not recommended, since they contain coarse fiber.

The patient's diet must consist of vegetables and fruits. Fruits allowed include prunes, apples, apricots, dried apricots, and bananas.

To normalize stool, it is recommended to consume boiled beets. Drinking alcoholic beverages is strictly prohibited.

Doctors recommend consuming fermented milk products, which help normalize the functioning of the digestive tract. For effective bowel movements, it is recommended to consume vegetable oil before bed.

Leukocytes Factors stimulating leukopoiesis

Changes in the content of leukocytes in the blood

Types of physiological leukocytosis:

• digestive,
• myogenic,
• emotional,
• with painful effects.

Signs of redistributive leukocytosis:

• slight increase in the number of white blood cells;
• no changes in leukoformula;
• short duration of changes.

Question answer

Is it possible to use enemas during an exacerbation?

During the period of exacerbation of hemorrhoids, an inflammatory process in the rectal area is observed. Doctors do not recommend using enemas for the treatment of this pathological condition, since they can damage damaged hemorrhoids, which will negatively affect the patient’s condition and can lead to bleeding.

Is it possible to play sports during an exacerbation?

During the period of exacerbation of hemorrhoids, heavy sports are strictly prohibited, since an inflammatory process occurs in the area of ​​hemorrhoids. If the symptoms of exacerbation are mild, then the patient is allowed to swim in the pool and walk.

What to do during pregnancy and breastfeeding?

Quite often, exacerbation of the disease occurs in patients during pregnancy and breastfeeding. In this case, treatment of pathology should be carried out only with safe medications that are made on the basis of natural ingredients. They should not pass into the blood or breast milk of women.

That is why the selection of a specific medicine should be carried out only by a doctor.

What to do during menstruation?

If women experience an exacerbation of hemorrhoids during menstruation, then it is treated using the same methods. In this case, it is recommended to carry out hygiene procedures quite often so as not to irritate the inflamed area with secretions.

Temperature during exacerbation

If an exacerbation of hemorrhoids is accompanied by an inflammatory process, the patient may experience a fever. In this case, it is recommended to take laxatives based on paracetamol.

Is it possible to have sex?

If hemorrhoids worsen, the patient is not recommended to have sex, especially anal sex. This is explained by the fact that inflamed hemorrhoids can be damaged, which will lead to aggravation of the pathological process.

Conservative method of treating hemorrhoids

Conservative therapy is aimed at relieving pain in acute hemorrhoids, preventing exacerbations in its chronic course, and preventing complications. For this purpose they prescribe:

1. Painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, non-narcotic analgesics (Paracetamol, Lornoxicam, Ketorolac, Diclofenac, Movasin).
2. Phlebotonics are drugs that improve the condition of the venous network and microcirculation in the cavernous bodies. Such drugs include Detralex, Aescusan, Troxevasin.

3. Local agents help reduce pain, eliminate inflammation and bleeding. For internal acute hemorrhoids, suppositories with belladonna, propolis, adrenaline, novocaine or sea buckthorn (Proctosan, Relief Ultra, Procto-Glivenol, Hepatrombin) are most effective. The external form of the disease, prolapse of hemorrhoids, is treated with gels and ointments: Levomekol, Bezornil, Troxerutin. They quickly relieve swelling, reduce discomfort, heal cracks in the anal passage, and strengthen blood vessels.

Treatment of chronic hemorrhoids during its exacerbation with local remedies alone is ineffective. Their use must be combined with injections and oral medications. One of the important factors for a quick recovery is also maintaining an active lifestyle and healthy eating. During the period of remission of the disease, it is recommended to use mineral baths, rising showers, mud treatment (rectal tampons, applications to the perineum).

an active lifestyle helps heal hemorrhoids

Mineral baths are useful during remission

Exacerbation of internal hemorrhoids

With exacerbation of the internal form of the disease, the symptoms are less pronounced. Despite this, the pathological condition requires timely treatment. To ensure the most effective therapy, it is recommended to take tablets.

To increase the effectiveness of treatment of the disease, patients need to use medications that have a local effect - suppositories and ointments. The choice of a specific medication should be made by the doctor in accordance with the indications.

First aid

If hemorrhoids have worsened, then to alleviate the condition you should follow a number of simple rules:

• When emptying the intestines, you should not push, even if the exit of feces is very difficult;
• exclude spicy, smoked, pickled, salty foods from the diet;
• if bleeding occurs, frequently wash the anus with warm water;
• Avoid heavy lifting and any physical activity.

If chronic hemorrhoids worsen, you should urgently consult a specialist. Before medical assistance is provided, you can relieve an attack of pain yourself at home. To do this, you need to perform the following simple steps:

• take a systemic analgesic - Ketonal, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac;
• take a lying position to reduce the load on the anal ring area;
• apply an ice compress to the sore spot;
• make a cool sitz bath with medicinal plants or potassium permanganate;
• If you are constipated, do not push, but do a cleansing enema.

An enema can be the first aid for exacerbation of hemorrhoids.
Diclofenac will help relieve pain.

• Relieving pain with medications. For this purpose, you need to take Diclofenac or Ketonal. It is especially important to take these medications before going to the toilet to ensure normal bowel movements.
• Elimination of pain through cold. A cold lotion with medicinal herbs is applied to the back passage. You can also insert a piece of ice into the anus, or perform a sitz bath with a cold infusion of medicinal herbs. The main thing with such manipulations is to prevent hypothermia.

A sitting position or a constant vertical posture provokes an exacerbation of hemorrhoids, so to eliminate the problem, you should take a horizontal position of the body for several hours. In this way, it will be possible to eliminate the resulting swelling and relax the muscles of the anal canal. If hemorrhoids have worsened due to broken stools, then do an enema, which will avoid straining during bowel movements. It is advisable to prepare an enema from medicinal herbs with the addition of vegetable oils.

Colonoscopy during exacerbation

Treatment of pathology can be carried out not only with medications, but also with minimally invasive techniques. Colonoscopy is often used. Using this method, not only treatment is carried out, but also diagnosis of the disease.

The procedure should only be performed by a highly qualified doctor, since the device can damage the inflamed mucous membrane of the rectum.

Traditional methods of treatment

Sometimes patients do not want to go to the doctor even in case of exacerbation of hemorrhoids, preferring to treat with improvised means at home.

It should be understood that such a choice is a dangerous experiment on one’s own health, since aggravated hemorrhoidal disease is a condition that requires emergency medical intervention.

Of course, some folk recipes can alleviate symptoms, but only as an additional method of treatment during therapy with medications approved by a proctologist.

The doctor may well advise using the following common traditional medicine recipes:

• lotions and tampons with sea buckthorn oil. This natural product is extremely beneficial for hemorrhoidal disease. It can also help in case of an aggravated pathological process. The recipe is quite simple - gauze cloth is moistened in sea buckthorn berry extract and applied to the inflamed nodes (introduced into the rectal canal);
• potato suppositories. The starch contained in the pulp of raw fruits actually somewhat relieves inflammation and stops bleeding. Making them is extremely simple - just cut out a small “torpedo” from a peeled tuber, which is then inserted into the rectal canal;
• ice suppositories. As already noted, this remedy refers to emergency aid techniques. Making them is also easy: a decoction of chamomile or wormwood is poured into small cardboard cones or fingertips, and the resulting products are placed in the freezer. The first time you need to put them on for only half a minute, then the procedure time can be increased;
• microenemas . They are made from infusions of medicinal plants: oak bark, chestnut fruits, nettle leaves, chamomile flowers, wormwood. Such procedures effectively relieve pain, inflammation, and itching. Solutions are administered with a syringe, the tip of which is lubricated with petroleum jelly or vegetable oil;
• carrot suppositories. This product has antibacterial and wound-healing properties. The drug is made by analogy with potato candles. It is best to use such suppositories before falling asleep, and to enhance the therapeutic effect, the candle is smeared with honey.

Let us repeat once again that folk remedies at home demonstrate their effectiveness only with the simultaneous use of pharmaceutical medications.

They should be combined with a proper diet and dietary nutrition. This can prevent the occurrence of complicated conditions.

Signs of exacerbation in women and men

At stage 1 of the pathological process, thrombosis of the node is observed, which leads to severe pain. During this period, the inflammatory process does not occur.

Stage 2 of exacerbation is characterized by an acute inflammatory process. At this stage, additional signs appear, which are manifested by swelling and redness of the tissues around the anus.

At stage 3 of the disease, the inflammatory process spreads beyond the hemorrhoid. Patients experience pain in the entire perineal area. Exudate is observed from the anus, which irritates the hemorrhoids. This is why most women and men complain of burning and itching.

Forms of orientation and deformation of red blood cells

in capillaries

1 - axisymmetric orientation of erythrocytes, 2 - dome-shaped deformation of erythrocytes with increasing shear rate, 3 - non-axisymmetric orientation of erythrocytes, 4 - deformation of erythrocytes in the capillary in the case when its diameter is less than the diameter of erythrocytes (cross section), 5 - non-axisymmetric orientation of erythrocytes in the case when the diameter of the capillary is equal to the diameter of the red blood cells (cross section).

Figures 1 and 2 show the nature of the velocity profile.

Aggregation of red blood cells into coin columns

in the postcapillary venule

Intravital microphotogram.

As the red blood cell ages, it becomes stiffer. Elasticity decreases with pathology of forms (sickle-shaped erythrocytes, spherocytes) and changes in the properties of hemoglobin (hereditary hemoglobinopathies).

Normal red blood cell distribution curve

by diameter (Price-Jones)

Distribution of E diameters in a healthy person (solid line) and in a patient with pernicious anemia (dashed line).

Factors that stimulate erythropoiesis

HEMOGLOBIN

Types and compounds of hemoglobin

The physiological role of hemoglobin is oxygen transport. The reaction between hemoglobin and lung oxygen consists of the transition of deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) to oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2). In tissues, on the contrary, HbO2 gives up oxygen, dissociating into Hb and O2.

Hb O2  HbO2

Exacerbation due to nervousness

In some cases, patients experience an exacerbation due to anxiety and frequent nervous strain. When pathology appears, it must be treated according to the standard regimen. In addition to symptomatic therapy, patients are prescribed antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications.

Exacerbation of hemorrhoids is a fairly serious pathological process that requires emergency treatment. That is why, when the first signs of illness appear, the patient is recommended to seek help from a doctor.

Method of recording ECG and calculating heart rate from it - Rhythm and counting heartbeats. HR

Cardiac contractions are rhythmic if the R-R-R intervals (the distances between the tops of the R waves of adjacent complexes) are equal throughout the entire length of the recorded lead or differ by no more than 10% (Fig. 13).

Normally, the R-R-R intervals should be equal to the P-R-R intervals. This means that the atria and ventricles contract sequentially and at the same frequency. In other cases, arrhythmia is diagnosed.

Heart rate counting

To count the number of heart contractions (HR), one could record an ECG for a minute, count the number of QRS complexes (or R waves) and thus find out the heart rate per minute. But in a minute, at a tape speed of 50 mm/s, an ECG 3 m long will be recorded! That's why they act differently. It is clear that the faster the heart beats, the more R waves will be recorded on a piece of tape 3 m long, therefore, the smaller the distance between them will be. It is by the duration of the R-R interval that the heart rate is judged. The greater the R-R distance, the lower the heart rate, and vice versa.

Surgery and disease

How to treat exacerbation of hemorrhoids surgically? If conservative treatment does not bring results and symptoms of inflammation of the hemorrhoids appear again after a short period of time, then surgery is indicated. It is carried out only after acute symptoms have resolved.

The most preferred methods for treating hemorrhoids in men or women are minimally invasive methods. They eliminate advanced hemorrhoids.

• Tightening the knot (ligation) with latex rings. The stem of the hemorrhoidal compaction becomes compressed, as a result, nutrition stops and the area dies.
• Laser therapy or photocoagulation. Nodes are removed using infrared or laser radiation.
• Sclerotherapy. A substance is injected into the cone, which leads to the fusion of the walls of the vessels that feed it.
• Cryodestruction. The node is frozen with liquid nitrogen. After the cold thaws, the tissue of the node dies.

Advanced hemorrhoids are also treated with more serious surgical interventions, such as hemorrhoidectomy or the Longo method. They are prescribed in the later stages of the development of the disease or in cases where minimally invasive methods, in the opinion of the doctor, will not bring results.

If the condition worsens and the lump causes discomfort and pain, you should urgently consult a specialist. The sooner treatment measures are started, the more effective they will be. Attempting to cure the disease on your own can lead to serious complications.