A child is vomiting bile: what to do, what it could mean, emergency help на flymega.ru

Vomiting in childhood is common. It is associated with immaturity of the digestive and immune systems. Vomiting of bile in a child occurs both on an empty stomach and after eating. The process of emptying the stomach is a protective reaction of the body, a response to an internal or external stimulus.

Normally, there should be no bile in the stomach. Its casting can be one-time or constant. Observation of a child who has vomited has valuable diagnostic value and helps in choosing methods for examining young patients. Bile in the stomach is an unconditional reason to see a doctor.

Signs that indicate bile in the stomach

Vomiting is always preceded by nausea . Small reflux of bile is accompanied by systematic belching. In infants, this condition affects overall physical development - stunted growth, poor weight gain, restless sleep.

Gagging is caused by sharp contractions of the diaphragm, and for children this is a painful process. The discomfort is intensified by a feeling of bitterness in the mouth, heartburn, and heaviness in the iliac region. Children constantly experience a feeling of thirst, general weakness and loss of strength. Physical activity decreases sharply. Periodically, the child vomits bile.

Characteristics and coloring of vomit:

green vomit – contains a large amount of bile, occurs during or after eating;
if a child vomits yellow liquid - this is a mixture of bile and gastric juice, it happens on an empty stomach;
vomit of a dark green hue with brown streaks - the presence of bile against the background of gastric bleeding of low intensity.

The condition may worsen - vomiting with fever, chills appear, the skin turns pale, becomes cold and sticky, and diarrhea occurs . This indicates an infectious or acute inflammatory process in the child’s body. If there is no rise in temperature, functional disorders of the digestive system occur in the body.

Why is there bile in children's vomit?

The reasons for this condition in a child vary. Some are safe for health and easily corrected, while others indicate serious diseases:

Acute intestinal infections - salmonellosis, dysentery, escherichiosis. The diseases are accompanied by an enlarged liver and its toxic damage, impaired bile production and reflux into the stomach .
Viral hepatitis A is an infectious infection of the liver with increased release of bilirubin into the blood, skin, and mucous membranes.
Functional diseases (obstruction) of the gallbladder and excretory ducts - dyskinesia.
Acute inflammatory diseases of the digestive system – cholecystitis, pancreatitis.
Sphincter insufficiency - congenital or acquired (disease, surgery).
Food, drug, chemical poisoning.
Incorrect diet, poor quality or unbalanced food.
Neurogenic factors - malnutrition and microcirculation of the brain, nervous strain, mental disorders.

In children in infancy, the cause of bilious vomiting can be a lack of pancreatic enzyme production . Predisposing factors are active physical games, emotional overload, fatty foods. In rare cases, if a child vomits bile, this is a sign of appendicitis.

Causes of vomiting bile without diarrhea and fever

The causes of bile vomiting in a child without fever and diarrhea are functional disorders of the digestive system, pathologies of the central nervous system, and endocrine diseases. Such disorders include:

dyskinesia (obstruction) of the biliary tract;
congenital or acquired, as a result of surgery, insufficiency of the gastric sphincter;
calculous cholecystitis, the exacerbation of which is preceded by prolonged pain in the right hypochondrium, jaundice, itching, peeling of the skin;
acute pancreatitis, in which paroxysmal pain is accompanied by vomiting with bile, and each subsequent attack has a longer duration;
enzyme deficiency;
acute appendicitis;
consumption of fatty, spicy, high-carbohydrate foods, regular overeating.

Poisoning with medications, expired food, and household chemicals has pronounced symptoms, pain, and stool becomes dark in color. Chemical intoxication, in addition to vomiting, causes a burn of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.

First aid for vomiting bile

If green vomiting occurs against the background of high fever, diarrhea and poor general condition of the child, you must call an ambulance.

What to do before medical staff arrive? Provide the child with physical rest. He should be in bed, reclining, with his chest raised.

Children should not be placed horizontally. This will provoke re-penetration of bile into the stomach and, as a result, repeated vomiting.

To prevent dehydration, give fluids to drink regularly. If the child refuses to drink water, you can give weak warm tea, compote, or juice diluted with water. The best way to prevent dehydration is saline solutions, which are prepared from special powders (rehydron).

If there are no pharmaceutical drugs, you can prepare a saline solution yourself. Recipe recommended by WHO: dissolve 1 tbsp in 1 liter of water. l. salt, 2 tbsp. l. sugar, 1 tsp. baking soda. For maximum absorption, give the drink warm (37 °C). To prevent your child from vomiting, you need to drink often and in small sips.

Until the child is examined by doctors, exclude any food intake. Breast milk is allowed for breastfed infants.

A single vomiting of bile in a child without fever most often occurs due to malnutrition; in this case, the vomiting may be green liquid. To alleviate the condition and relieve the digestive system, stop eating for 4-5 hours and ensure you drink plenty of fluids.

Yellow vomiting in a child is accompanied by symptoms such as heartburn, nausea, and bitterness in the mouth . In this case, antacids are given. They regulate acidity in the stomach, coat its walls, and relieve irritation of the mucous membrane.

Antacids are available in syrup form and are well tolerated by children:

Almagel.
Maalox.
Phosphalugel.
Gaviscon;
Talcid.

School-age children can be offered Rennie lozenges. But they can cause drowsiness, weakness, and belching.

If a child's vomiting is accompanied by diarrhea, the following drugs are indicated: phthalazole, smecta, enterosgel, imodium. This treatment is prescribed if a large amount of bile enters the intestines and the stool turns green.

For abdominal pain as a result of spasm of the bile ducts, sudden movements of the diaphragm, contraction of the stomach walls, the child is given painkillers - no-shpu, nurofen.

In severe cases (acute intestinal infections), the main treatment is aimed at eliminating the cause - a complex of antibacterial and symptomatic therapy in a hospital setting.

Bile in the stomach is not a reason for self-treatment. This condition, especially if it is systematic, is fraught with serious complications - a violation of the acidity of the stomach and, as a consequence, gastritis, chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa. To prevent their development, treatment of bile reflux into the stomach should be prescribed by a pediatric gastroenterologist.

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Why does a child vomit bile?

The main reason is the entry of bile into the stomach, which is trying to get rid of the liquid that irritates it naturally. There may be several explanations for how this biological substance, which should be in the gallbladder, ends up in a completely different organ:

intestinal infection;
exacerbation of appendicitis;
biliary or renal colic;
severe poisoning;
thrombosis of intestinal vessels;
narrowing of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

All of the above pathologies are rare in infants. Mothers of newborns can also sometimes observe yellow mucus in regurgitated sputum or full-blown vomiting.

Vomiting in infants indicates a congenital pathology of the bile ducts or that the baby, while moving along the birth canal, could have swallowed amniotic fluid or experienced a lack of oxygen.

Yellow or green vomiting in a child frightens parents no matter how old he is, and this unpleasant and dangerous phenomenon can occur at any age. A teenager may burp once or vomit bile due to overeating fatty foods. When vomiting recurs systematically, the child should be examined for pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction and diverticulosis. This will allow you to accurately diagnose the disease.

Sometimes bile in vomit is a reaction to drinking alcohol or cigarettes for the first time in your life. This is how the gallbladder reacts to unfamiliar toxins, throwing part of the mass it produces into the stomach.

Causes of bilious vomiting in a child

Why does he vomit bile? The child turns pale and complains of nausea. The cause is food. We are talking about inedible, low-quality products that are difficult for the stomach. Bile in vomit is identified by its green and yellow colors.

In addition to food, attacks are provoked by diseases of the digestive system.

In this case, the following are observed:

pain in the abdominal area;
intestinal disorder;
increase in body temperature;
chills.

Symptoms result from:

Infections that enter and develop in the intestines.
Biliary dysfunction.
Disorders of the neuromuscular apparatus of the stomach.
Manifestations of appendicitis in acute form.
Poor intestinal permeability.
Paroxysmal severe pain in the abdominal area.
Food poisoning.
Congenital pathologies of the digestive organs.
Blockages of blood vessels in the intestines.
Damages to certain areas of the brain.

In childhood, there are several other reasons that provoke vomiting:

too active games;
great psychological stress.

If the child is healthy, these reasons provoke vomiting in exceptional cases.

What to do if your child is vomiting bile

If your child is vomiting bile, it is important to first contact your pediatrician.

What to do if a child vomits bile? If your child is vomiting bile, it is important to first contact your pediatrician. It will determine why the baby is throwing up or why he is burping or vomiting bile. Having determined what the child has, the doctor will prescribe treatment or simply advise changing the diet. Sometimes, having found out why a child is vomiting with jelly, it is enough to exclude provoking foods from the diet.

If the cause is stagnation of bile or bending of the gallbladder, treatment methods involve the use of choleretic drugs and hepatoprotectors, approved in childhood.

Vomiting in infancy

Did the child vomit bile or feel sick in infancy? The situation may be normal. It is common for newborns to burp. This is a “side effect” of a digestive system that has not yet been adjusted. However, vomiting and regurgitation are different phenomena. Bile particles may be present in both cases. However, regurgitation is not accompanied by nausea, weakness, or heartburn.

Infants may spit up in the following situations:

Incorrect nipple latching.
Large quantities of milk eaten.

When a baby overeats, vomiting bile indicates the active production of liver secretions.

A newborn baby may experience disruptions in the functioning of the digestive organs that provoke frequent regurgitation of bile, for example, impaired intestinal motility or obstruction, or mechanical damage.

Additional causes of the disease are:

Damage to the connection between the intestines and stomach. The hole between them is small. It is difficult for food to pass into the intestines. Prompt intervention is required.
Spasm or untimely relaxation of the sphincter located in the stomach. The coincidence of a malfunction with food intake provokes vomiting. In this case, bile is thrown higher from the gallbladder. It is necessary to follow certain rules for feeding a baby. Portions should be small. Accordingly, you need to feed often.
Intestinal diseases. They are indicated by blood in the feces of a newborn and a yellow tint of the masses during regurgitation.

If vomiting occurs in a newborn, you should consult a doctor. Regurgitation should not be a concern. Vomiting not only indicates pathologies of internal organs and their systems, but is also fraught with dehydration.

In childhood

If a child vomits bile in the morning and the temperature rises, there are two options. The first is inflammation of the digestive system. The second option is a combination of pathologies with a virus, for example, influenza.

When vomiting bile in children, characteristic symptoms are observed:

stomach ache;
heat;
bitter taste in the mouth;
yellow-green color of vomit.

The child will need urgent help. If the patient's condition is serious, call an ambulance. You can try to alleviate the child’s condition a little before the team arrives.

Need to:

Induce vomiting by first drinking boiled water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate. This will help clear your stomach. At the same time, you need to monitor the temperature. If the fever increases, give Ibuprofen or Paracetamol, Nurofen.
Smecta and activated carbon will help relieve nausea. They are given in accordance with the instructions.
Lay the child on his side so that his head is higher than his feet.
Don't leave the child alone.
Drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration.

During adolescence

Why can children vomit bile but not have a fever?

In adolescence, the main causes of bile vomiting are:

Diseases of the digestive system. Children gain excess weight, or, on the contrary, lose weight sharply.
Disorders of the central nervous system. Vomiting is accompanied by fluctuations in intracranial pressure. In this case, there is a characteristic symptom - tremor (cramp) of the chin.
Infections. Accompanied by lethargy, belching, pale skin.
Inflammatory process in the lungs. The area of the mouth and nose becomes bluish.
Diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tract. Liver secretions penetrate the stomach, causing nausea and vomiting.
Intestinal infections. Bacteria provoke improper functioning of the stomach and the flow of bile into it.
Hepatitis that developed against the background of a virus. This disrupts the functioning of the liver and bile.
Poor nutrition and consumption of large amounts of fatty, spicy, fried foods, especially at night.
Alcohol intoxication in adolescence almost always provokes vomiting. In this case, bile can get into the masses. No temperature. The child is vomiting bile. Then relief comes.

If vomiting of bile occurs in children during adolescence, you should seek help from a doctor.

Treatment of bile vomiting in children

Vomiting of bile in a child is treated in different ways. Therapy depends on the reasons that caused the spasms. Therefore, any treatment begins with diagnosis.

Afterwards they prescribe:

Drug therapy.
Surgical intervention.
Traditional methods of treatment.
Physiotherapy.
Gymnastics.

During treatment, the patient must:

follow a diet;
follow the doctor's instructions;
do not self-medicate.

Sometimes vomiting with bile in a child requires immediate help.

The following measures are taken as emergency measures:

Gastric lavage. The patient should drink about 2 liters of water in large sips while sitting. Washing is contraindicated for children with pathologies of the heart, gall bladder, or digestive system.
Taking absorbents such as activated carbon. The measure is relevant in case of intoxication of the body, for example, alcohol.

After the procedures, the child needs to sleep. The patient's diet consists of low-fat meat broth. Little by little, other products are introduced into the diet, preferably in grated form. The diet will be specified by the doctor. Dietary restrictions will quickly normalize the functioning of the child’s digestive organs.

If the vomiting was not provoked by intoxication and was one-time, there is no reason to forcefully stop the urge. The body will cope on its own.

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First aid

First of all, you need to sit the child down: this position will not allow vomit to enter the respiratory tract. If the child is still small, he can be laid down, but his head should be turned to the side. It is necessary to provide access to fresh air into the room.

After the vomit stops coming out, the child needs to rinse his mouth and drink some water. You can give him a small amount of fructose, glucose, Atoxyl or Regidron solution. These substances will help soothe the inflamed mucous membranes and stop dehydration, but you should not give them too much to drink.

You need to take them one teaspoon every ten minutes; as often as possible, depending on how you feel. You should not give your baby medications, especially strong antibiotics, before he has been examined by a doctor.

If the child continues to vomit, a certain diet should be followed. Until the vomiting stops, the baby must stop any artificial formula and leave only breast milk on the menu.

It is advisable not to feed older babies for the next five hours after an attack. After this, you can give rice porridge and vegetable puree. Food should not be fatty, spicy, fried or have large particles.

Read more: how to stop vomiting in a child →

What to do if a child vomits bile without fever?

If an admixture of green bile is detected in a small child’s vomit without signs of temperature disturbance, it is necessary to remain calm and not panic. It is also strictly forbidden to independently treat a child, since it is initially necessary to establish the cause of the pathology. You need to call an ambulance and wait for the pediatrician on duty to arrive.

Before paramedics arrive, parents are advised to do the following:

Place the child on his side so that in the event of another attack of vomiting, the secreted masses can easily extend beyond the oral cavity. This will prevent possible liquid from entering the respiratory tract. If a similar problem occurs in a baby who is not yet able to hold his head up on his own, then in this case he should be held in his arms slightly tilted forward.
After each case of bile discharge, it is imperative to clean the child’s mouth. Older children can rinse their mouths on their own.
Stop feeding your baby during attacks of the gag reflex. The only exceptions are children in infancy, when the need for breast milk is very high and literally scheduled by the hour.
Give the child a drink of clean water at room temperature, which is lightly salted. This is necessary to restore the acid-salt balance disturbed as a result of vomiting. It is best to drink in fractional portions of 100-150 grams every 5-10 minutes.

It is important to remember that only a doctor can determine what kind of pathology is present in the baby’s digestive system that provokes the pathological condition of an attack of vomiting.

Based on this, a decision is made to admit the child to an inpatient pediatric therapy unit, or to provide assistance at home upon arrival of an ambulance. It is important to remember that even if a child vomits bile without fever, this does not mean that there is no inflammatory process in the internal organs.

Causes of childhood vomiting, symptoms and treatment

Vomiting bile can occur for various reasons, and before doing anything, it is necessary to determine what caused it.

An attack may be caused by improper functioning of the gallbladder. It is provoked by diseases such as cholelithiasis and cholecystitis. In these diseases, a large amount of bile is sent to the stomach, which causes the gag reflex.
A common cause is viral hepatitis . In the acute stage of this disease, in addition to the main symptom, the appearance of loose stools is observed. The virus negatively affects the bile ducts and liver. Read more about viral hepatitis →
Intestinal infections can cause vomiting. A defense reflex is triggered in the body, and the stomach urgently empties. Excess bile enters the stomach and is also released when there is no more food left. Read more about intestinal infections →
The most common cause is poor diet: most often it is fatty and spicy foods. Young children should not be fed foods that are not appropriate for their age group. Violation of the diet for young children often ends in vomiting. A child’s enzyme system develops until the age of 9 and is often unable to absorb what an adult can absorb. Such foods are not digested in the baby's body. Due to their retention in the stomach, the food eaten begins to rot, which the stomach gets rid of by vomiting.
Vomit may also indicate poisoning. Children often put anything in their mouth. Harmful substances, bacteria, and stale foods can enter the body. More about poisoning →

Causes of vomiting mixed with bile in children over one year old and adolescents

The enzyme system in children continues to develop until the age of 7, so it is recommended that they gradually introduce food from the common family table into their diet so as not to provoke disruption of the gastrointestinal tract. The main factors that provoke vomiting in young children: fatty foods, poisoning or acquired pathologies.

The reason for the release of bile in vomit in adolescents:

side effects of drugs (tetracycline antibiotics);
diseases;
excessive consumption of fast food;
food, drug, alcohol poisoning;
intoxication with chemicals.

The parent must monitor the child’s condition and carry out the necessary therapeutic measures. If there is no tendency to feel better within 6–12 hours, call an ambulance and undergo treatment in a hospital.

Preventing Dehydration

Vomiting, like diarrhea, causes dehydration. In order to prevent this, the child must drink enough water. However, you should not drink too much at once; this may cause an attack again, since the walls of the stomach are irritated.

You can offer your child a solution of glucose or salts from pharmaceutical powders. You can make a similar solution yourself: to do this you need to mix sugar, salt and soda. Mix the substances in a small amount in a glass of water. You need to use a teaspoon of the solution every 10 minutes.

After the child’s vomiting of bile stops, you need to monitor his diet. Avoid fatty, smoked, spicy and fried foods. You will also need to remove fruits and vegetables in any form from the menu.

Over the next few days, the child can be given chicken broth, herbal tea, and jelly. Usual products can be added gradually, after 2-3 days.

During the first 7–12 hours, the child needs to replenish the fluid supply at the rate of 50 ml per 1 kg of weight. Then the amount of liquid can be reduced to 10 ml per 1 kg of body weight. Simple boiled water, decoctions of various herbs or rose hips are suitable for this. Continue these procedures for 4 days.

A child is vomiting bile, what should I do?

When a child begins to vomit bile, adults, firstly, should not panic, but help him and alleviate his condition. To do this you should:

try to calm the baby;
try to rinse the child’s stomach, emptying it completely of its contents. This can only be done if the baby is conscious;
give activated carbon;
between attacks of vomiting, give the baby water in small quantities, but he should not be given food;
provide the child with rest and bed rest;
don't leave him alone.

Is it necessary to call a doctor?

Vomiting in children can be caused by various reasons, so you will still need to see a doctor to make an accurate diagnosis. Only a specialist can determine the cause and prescribe the correct treatment.

An urgent visit to a doctor is necessary if the child is bothered by acute abdominal pain, you notice an increase in temperature, vomiting does not stop for a long time and is accompanied by diarrhea. In this case, poisoning with drugs or low-quality products is possible.

It is important to monitor the child's proper nutrition, however, if vomiting is caused by other reasons, immediate medical attention is required.

You should not self-medicate, as you will not be able to make the correct diagnosis on your own, and incorrect actions may result in emergency hospitalization. Before giving your child any medications, you should consult a specialist.

Author: Olga Lukina, especially for Mama66.ru

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Symptoms of diseases

Symptoms of intestinal tract diseases in childhood cannot be ignored by a specialist.

Especially with nausea and vomiting, which lasts repeatedly, accompanied by abdominal pain. If green vomit with bile appears, this indicates that liver or gallbladder diseases are developing, or there are disturbances in the outflow of bile. More often than not, such symptoms are accompanied by acute pain.

If vomiting is repeated, accompanied by chills or fever, the baby should not be left in this condition without medical help. It is necessary to contact a specialist as quickly as possible, who will prescribe competent treatment for the child’s liver or gall bladder, having first determined what this symptom means in children.

Signs

Vomiting is usually preceded by other dyspeptic symptoms:

nausea that gets worse over time. Moreover, a child can vomit not only immediately before vomiting, but also several hours before the incident;
Vegetative manifestations may appear in the form of increased salivation, blanching of the skin;
increased heart rate, increased respiratory movements.

If a child vomits bile due to an inflammatory or infectious process, an increase in body temperature may occur. In addition, if the cause is poisoning or acute intestinal infection, the child will complain of abdominal pain, often in the navel area.

Moreover, when a child vomits bile, the vomit that comes out of him has a specific yellow color. Moreover, the shade can be different - from rich yellow to green-yellow. The fluid your baby vomits will have a bitter taste.

Vomiting rarely happens once, usually the child vomits repeatedly every hour. With an intensive process, signs of dehydration may appear:

dry skin and mucous membranes;
decrease in the amount of urine excreted (oliguria);
slowing down the straightening of the skin fold;
weight loss;
thirst.

Causes

Vomiting of bile can occur due to a violation of any organ involved in bile formation or its accumulation. The first link is liver disorders in the form of hepatitis, gallbladder disease (cholecystitis, cholecystocholangitis, cholelithiasis), damage to the stomach and duodenum. Also, the child may vomit bile in case of pancreatic diseases. Let's look at the most common reasons:

Pyloric stenosis. Congenital pathology, which is characterized by a decrease in the lumen of the pylorus of the stomach. Due to the fact that the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine is disrupted, food masses are returned through the mouth with an admixture of bile pigments. The first symptoms usually appear in infancy.
Acute pancreatitis. Another reason why bile vomiting occurs is inflammation of the pancreas. This is because the bile duct connects with the pancreatic duct before opening into the duodenum. In addition to vomiting, the disease will manifest itself as significant intoxication and severe girdling pain.
Acute cholecystitis, cholecystocholangitis. Inflammation of the gallbladder may involve the bile ducts in the inflammatory process. A clear sign of the disease is vomiting mixed with bile. In addition, the child will be bothered by increased body temperature, pain in the right hypochondrium, and pain on palpation of the gallbladder area.

Cholelithiasis. The pathogenesis of vomiting in this disease is similar to that in cholecystitis. This pathology is rare in children. It is characterized by the presence of a calculus in the lumen of the gallbladder or duct, to which an inflammatory process can be attached. Most often, vomiting occurs in the morning after sleep.
Poisoning. If the body becomes infected with toxins or bacteria, the stomach takes over the elimination function. In this case, vomiting is a protective act of freeing the body from pathological inclusions.
Intestinal obstruction. The mechanism of development of vomiting is associated with the presence of an obstacle to the passage of food at some point in the intestine. This is a dangerous pathology, which is also accompanied by a lack of passage of stool and gas, and a sharp deterioration in well-being.

Cause of vomiting of bile in a 7 year old child

Vomiting is a symptom of many diseases. Sometimes the regurgitated mass contains an admixture of bile. If this happens in children, then they definitely need to be examined. The medical facility will conduct a comprehensive diagnosis to find out why the child is vomiting bile. Before the doctor arrives, parents must provide him with first aid - it is important to know what not to do in this situation.

This can happen to a child of any age. An admixture of bile in the vomit is indicated by yellow, green or yellow-green discharge and a bitter taste in the mouth. It is impossible to determine the exact cause of its appearance at home; this is done using laboratory and hardware diagnostic methods.

Vomiting with bile is a manifestation of the following diseases:

pathologies of the biliary system;
intestinal infection;
poisoning;
viral hepatitis;
overeating;
pylorospasm;
intestinal obstruction;
appendicitis;
neurological diseases (poor blood circulation in the brain, acute emotional disorder, psychosomatic disorders);
inflammation of the tissues of the pharynx, root of the tongue and pharynx.

The main reason for the reflux of secretions into the stomach is cholecystitis, as well as the abnormal structure of the gallbladder, dyskinesia. Each disease has specific treatment features, and its methods are selected according to the age of the child.

This category includes children under 1 year of age. An attack of vomiting in them can be caused by improper attachment to the breast. If the baby sucks milk and simultaneously swallows air, he may vomit soon after eating. A repeated attack is often accompanied by the release of bile along with the gastric mass.

The cause of vomiting in infants who are on artificial feeding:

constant overeating (portion above normal);
untimely introduction of complementary foods.

Nausea can also occur due to pathologies.

Contact a doctor immediately if the baby’s stomach is hard, there is blood discharge, vomiting is “fountaining,” the temperature has risen, and there is no bowel movement.

This is a sign of diseases that are treated with surgical methods.

The reason for the release of bile in vomit in adolescents:

side effects of drugs (tetracycline antibiotics);
diseases;
excessive consumption of fast food;
food, drug, alcohol poisoning;
intoxication with chemicals.

There are simple methods that need to be done first. First, the child is washed and given water at room temperature to rinse his mouth. During these manipulations, you need to calm the baby down. Then he is placed in bed on his side so that the chest is higher than the pelvis. Then they measure the temperature and ask about general well-being, clarify what else hurts, and also try to find a possible cause of vomiting.

If the baby continues to feel sick, you can give him up to 750 ml of boiled, cooled water to drink. A large amount of liquid will provoke repeated vomiting. Together with the released mass, the stomach will be cleansed, which will ease the general condition.

The younger the baby is, the higher the threat to his life. In addition, any treatment of a child without medical advice can aggravate the situation. Therefore, it is imperative to call an ambulance and show the baby to the pediatrician to find out the real cause of vomiting with bile. The sooner he is examined, the sooner treatment will begin, choosing the right methods of therapy.

You should not delay calling a doctor under the following circumstances:

child under 5 years old;
complains of acute abdominal pain;
general body temperature increased;
vomiting is repeated many times;
diarrhea appeared.

There is no need to consult a doctor urgently only if the baby has vomited once, there are no accompanying signs of illness, and the attack has not recurred. But in the near future you need to contact a gastroenterologist for an unscheduled examination. This will help prevent the development of diseases of the biliary system, digestive organs and gastrointestinal tract.

You must immediately take the necessary measures to alleviate the child’s condition and call a doctor. Then the baby is provided with physical rest. Until the doctor arrives, sick children are not fed anything. An exception is made only for babies under one year old - they are allowed to drink breast milk.

What medications are allowed to be given:

Regidron and other saline solutions that prevent dehydration;
Phosphalugel, Taltsid, Maalox, other antacid drugs to regulate acidity in the stomach;
Phthalazol, Smecta, Enterofuril, similar enterosorbents;
Nurofen or No-shpa for pain relief;
antipyretics (according to age), if the temperature exceeds + 38 C.

In a hospital setting, the child can undergo treatment with other drugs. Symptomatic and antibacterial therapy is usually prescribed.

antacids are taken for yellow vomiting, which is accompanied by heartburn, a bitter taste, and nausea;
enterosorbents are needed to cleanse the intestines of toxins and stop diarrhea if the color of the stool has become green or green;
Antispasmodics help relieve abdominal pain due to spasms.

Other medications are given to the child only as prescribed by the doctor. Additionally, it should be given small portions (1-3 tsp at a time) of unsweetened tea and boiled water. Eating is allowed 6–7 hours after the attack.

It is forbidden to give analgesics and antibiotics without finding out the true cause of nausea. While the ambulance is traveling, the child must be supervised by adults. First of all, this applies to children under three months of age, so that in case of repeated vomiting, they have time to turn the baby on its side and prevent food from entering the respiratory tract.

keep the child in a horizontal position;
try to lavage the stomach if the patient is unconscious;
give antiemetic medications, potassium permanganate solution;
feed abundantly;
delay calling the doctor.

A common cause of vomiting is an intestinal infection. If you perform gastric lavage and cleansing enemas, the bacteria will spread throughout the digestive tract. For each pathology there are certain treatment methods that are selected only by doctors for children.

Vomiting bile in a child can be associated with serious reasons. It is imperative to examine the abdominal organs using ultrasound. Such diagnostics are absolutely harmless for children of any age and will help detect the possible development of diseases in the early stages.

source

Normally, bile should not enter the stomach. This occurs in the case of diseases of the digestive system. When a child vomits bile, this is a serious cause for concern. If such a situation arises, parents do not need to panic, but calm the child and provide first aid. This is especially important if the vomit is green, and the child lies exhausted after it, with yellow whites of the eyes. You need to contact your local pediatrician or infectious disease specialist as soon as possible.

Vomiting with bile masses occurs in children with psycho-emotional overload, fatigue, disruption of the vestibular apparatus, and overeating. There are three reasons for vomiting with fever: intestinal infection, poisoning, or an attack of acute pancreatitis.

There are a number of other serious diseases that lead to the problem. This is infectious hepatitis, acute form of cholecystitis, gastritis, duodenitis, as well as the initial stage of meningitis. An additional symptom of meningitis is stiffness of the muscles of the back of the neck and occipital muscles. That is, the child cannot tilt his head forward.

There are also age-related features that result in vomiting of bile.

Breasts often burp after feeding. Normally, a white curd mass is regurgitated. If this mass is colored greenish or yellow, then there is reason to be wary and immediately contact your local pediatrician.

Contact a doctor immediately if the baby’s stomach is hard, there is blood discharge, vomiting is “fountaining,” the temperature has risen, and there is no bowel movement.

Congenital pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. This includes intestinal obstruction, narrowing of the pyloric section of the child’s stomach, and pathology of the biliary tract.
Difficult or premature birth, when the baby may have swallowed amniotic fluid, can cause regurgitation of yellow masses. This syndrome is observed especially in premature infants, whose gastrointestinal tract is imperfect due to premature birth.
Unsuccessful childbirth, when the child has experienced hypoxia, can cause neurological disorders. This also affects the feeding process; nervous spasm leads to the reverse flow of food mixed with bile.

Regurgitation of food and vomiting in a baby are not the same thing. The latter is always a pathology. You should immediately consult a doctor, especially if the vomit is mixed with bile.

In relation to children in the first months of life, no initiative should be taken, especially when such terrible symptoms as vomiting with bile are observed.

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At the age of one year and older, vomiting bile is not that uncommon. It can be caused by fatty foods, headaches, nervous tension, and unusual foods. As a rule, vomiting occurs once. The child comes to his senses very quickly after it and feels normal. But this doesn't always happen. Parents should know what can cause:

If your baby vomits bile in the morning, it may mean he was fed a fatty, heavy meal the night before. If this is not followed by any other signs, this is a clue that it is not advisable to feed children at night. Any malnutrition can cause vomiting, sometimes with bile.
A teenager may vomit bile after alcohol poisoning or after smoking his first cigarettes in his life. These are signals for parents that are more of a pedagogical nature than a reason to see a doctor.
If vomiting of bile is preceded by nausea, pain in the right hypochondrium, then most likely the provocateur is gallbladder disease - cholecystitis or bile duct dyskinesia. You should consult a doctor immediately.
Vomiting of bile without fever or diarrhea can be caused by intestinal obstruction caused by adhesions, volvulus, or diverticulosis of the colon. Such dysfunctions are accompanied by severe pain and bloating. The situation is extremely serious and requires hospitalization and surgical intervention. Vomit has a characteristic odor similar to feces.
An acute attack of pancreatitis also causes similar symptoms. The presence of bile in the vomit is explained by the fact that it is inflammation of the biliary tract that provokes acute pancreatitis. All this is accompanied by acute girdling pain and fever.

With a combination of fever, vomiting and diarrhea, the following can be assumed:

The child was poisoned by stale food. Although the point here is not poisoning, but the fact that a whole colony of pathogenic bacteria has appeared in stale products. Once in the baby’s gastrointestinal tract, they suppressed the beneficial intestinal microflora and began to multiply rapidly. Hence the fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. All this is accompanied by a headache. Here you cannot do without special antibiotics for the gastrointestinal tract.
Pancreatitis will paint the same picture. But in addition there is severe pain of a girdle nature.
An attack of cholecystitis can cause an increase in temperature to 40°C and severe pain in the right hypochondrium. Vomiting with bile in cholecystitis is an obligatory component. Diarrhea may or may not happen.
The same picture is given by parenteral or enteral hepatitis. The first type is given to the child through a blood transfusion or injection. These are hepatitis B, C, D and G. The second type of hepatitis appears as a result of infection with viruses of groups A and E from infected water or dirty hands.

When vomiting is accompanied by diarrhea and fever, signs of dehydration may appear.

If a child vomits in the morning, this indicates overeating of fatty, spicy or fried foods consumed during dinner.

It is necessary to give the child plenty of fluids with rehydrants (for example, Regidron), which should be in every home medicine cabinet. Without them, the baby's condition will worsen every minute.

If a child begins to have attacks of vomiting mixed with bile, while the body temperature rises, there is bloating and pain, it is necessary to urgently call a doctor or an ambulance. Any of your actions can aggravate the already difficult situation of the child.

Before the ambulance arrives, try to position the child so that he cannot choke on vomit. Place pillows under his back so that his head is much higher than his body. Give him something to drink: even if it makes him vomit after a while, it will flush his stomach. This is important if a child is poisoned by poor-quality food. It is advisable to give the child enterosorbents that will absorb bitterness, bile and toxins that poison the gastrointestinal tract.

The first thing parents should do is calm the baby. To do this, they themselves need to pull themselves together and not show fear or panic. After clearing the baby of vomit, try to soberly assess the situation:

Examine the baby's tummy: is there any bloating?
Ask your child, if he can speak, whether his stomach hurts, whether he feels sick or not.
If there is no swelling and the temperature does not rise, then poisoning may be occurring. First aid for poisoning is to give the baby a 1% saline solution, which will induce vomiting. Then give an enterosorbent, which will help the digestive tract cleanse itself of pathogenic microflora and toxins, cover the intestines with a protective film, and absorb gases, preventing bloating and flatulence.
You can very carefully palpate the baby's tummy, observing his reaction. Based on where the grimace of pain appears, you can judge what caused the problem. The right hypochondrium is the gallbladder or liver, the iliac region is the stomach or pancreas. The left or right side is slightly lower - colon diverticulosis is possible. Then you need to urgently call an ambulance.

If the vomiting was one-time, and gastric lavage and taking enterosorbent had their effect, then there is no need to call a doctor. The condition of the child will show you this. But there are cases, which have already been mentioned above, when calling a doctor, and sometimes an ambulance, is necessary:

Vomiting of bile in a child with fever does not stop; each intake of liquid causes a new attack.
A high temperature has risen (above 38.5°C) and does not fall.
The baby's belly is swollen and painful, causing crying.
Vomiting bile is accompanied by diarrhea and high fever. There is nothing to think about; you need to urgently call a doctor or an ambulance.

In these cases, you should immediately consult a doctor.

If a child is vomiting bile, then without diagnosis it is better to refrain from unauthorized “prescribing” of medications.

The most common cause of gallbladder disease is the early transfer of a child to a common family table. The enzyme system in children under 7 years of age is still poorly developed, so an adult diet is not suitable for them. Also, vomiting with bile can be a harbinger of appendicitis.

But there are universal drugs:

Rehydrants – Rehydron or Trihydrosol, which you should always have in your first aid kit. These solutions will help prevent dehydration in children and adults.
Enterosorbents. There are several types of enterosorbents, each of which performs certain protective functions for gastrointestinal disorders. Carbon enterosorbents are the most common of them (Activated carbon, Sorbex, White carbon, etc.).
Silicon-containing sorbents in the form of powder or paste, for example, Enterosgel, can even be given to infants by stirring them in milk. This sorbent removes endogenous and exogenous toxins from the gastrointestinal tract, formed during the life of pathogenic microflora, without affecting the beneficial intestinal microflora.

When a child vomits bile, the situation is force majeure; here you can only provide all possible first aid and wait for the local doctor or ambulance. The necessary procedures can only be performed in a hospital setting:

Gastric lavage using a tube in case of severe poisoning.
An enema or Esmarch mug is given to a child to cleanse the intestines in order to conduct further studies of the gastrointestinal tract.

This is where all procedures end until the reasons are clarified.

When the child’s vomiting stops, he should be fed only on demand, in small portions, avoiding the following foods:

drinks containing caffeine;
sparkling water and sweets;
fatty, heavy foods.

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You need to prepare light vegetarian puree soups, liquid porridges with water, rosehip decoctions as tea (can be sweetened with honey.) Then you can add fermented milk products - natural yoghurts without sweeteners with biscuits. This is how you should feed your child, gradually transferring him to his usual diet.

If a child has adhesions, intestinal volvulus, and as a result, intestinal obstruction, then surgical treatment is indicated for him. Such treatment is carried out only if conservative methods fail. The operation is performed using two methods:

Abdominal surgery. The abdominal cavity is opened and the twisted intestine is untwisted or part of the intestine affected by necrosis is removed.
Laparoscopy method. A puncture is made in the peritoneum and a laparoscope is inserted - a device equipped with a television camera, a light source and surgical manipulative instruments. This is a gentle surgical method. Thanks to this method, bloodless operations are performed to remove the appendix, gall bladder, etc.

If a child has had a one-time vomiting of bile, folk remedies can be given to soothe irritated mucous membranes of the digestive organs.

Recipes for infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs:

Infusion of chamomile and angelica. 1 tsp. Infuse herbs in a glass of boiling water for 1.5-2 hours, take 10-15 ml three times a day 30 minutes before meals.
Brew dill seeds (1 tsp) in 200 ml of boiling water. Drink 1 tbsp. l. before eating.
Brew rose hips in a thermos overnight. 1 tbsp per 0.5 liter of water. Give your child water between meals.

It is forbidden to leave a child without medical attention and without supervision, even for one moment, while an attack of vomiting with bile continues. There is a high risk that he will choke on vomit. The worst outcome is death, and aspiration pneumonia is also possible.

You cannot give your baby medications at your own discretion, without a doctor’s prescription. The consequences can be fatal.

They depend on what caused the problem. In case of poisoning or infection there will be no complications. If the gastrointestinal tract is disrupted, the consequence will be long-term treatment on an outpatient basis or in a hospital setting.

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When a child vomits bile, parents panic because from the outside it looks scary. Foul green-yellow masses come out of the mouth in large volumes. The baby himself is exhausted, and the whites of his eyes may turn yellow. Parents should know why a child may vomit bile in order to avoid repeated manifestations of this.

intestinal infection;
exacerbation of appendicitis;
biliary or renal colic;
severe poisoning;
thrombosis of intestinal vessels;
narrowing of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

All of the above pathologies are rare in infants. Mothers of newborns can also sometimes observe yellow mucus in regurgitated sputum or full-blown vomiting.

Vomiting in infants indicates a congenital pathology of the bile ducts or that the baby, while moving along the birth canal, could have swallowed amniotic fluid or experienced a lack of oxygen.

Sometimes bile in vomit is a reaction to drinking alcohol or cigarettes for the first time in your life . This is how the gallbladder reacts to unfamiliar toxins, throwing part of the mass it produces into the stomach.

Rarely does a child suffer from vomiting alone. Usually it is accompanied by accompanying symptoms, by which you can try to determine the cause of the problem:

Diarrhea, fever and weakness. It looks like poisoning.
Diarrhea, fever and stomach pain. A clear picture of pancreatitis.
Fever and pain in the right hypochondrium. This is an attack of cholecystitis.
Fever, weakness, yellowish complexion. Perhaps the child caught hepatitis somewhere.

When a child vomits bile with fever or other accompanying symptoms, you should immediately call an ambulance. While she is driving, first aid measures should be taken to ease the baby’s suffering and prevent the development of complications.

First, place the child in such a way that he cannot choke on the vomit. This should be a semi-medical position with several pillows under your head. The baby must be held in your arms or not leave the crib so that during the next attack you can immediately turn him over, allowing the vomit to come out.

As soon as your child vomits bile, rinse his mouth and then give him water, otherwise he may become dehydrated. Additionally, you can give enterosorbents (activated carbon, children's Enterosgel) so that they absorb the toxins remaining in the stomach. At very high temperatures, a children's antipyretic drug is allowed. There is no need to give any other medications before the ambulance arrives, because it is not yet known exactly what kind of disease this is.

Important! Do not try to stop vomiting with antiemetic drugs. Retention of bile in the stomach can lead to intoxication and loss of consciousness.

The condition of a child who has vomited bile once, without diarrhea and without fever, will stabilize within an hour. The arriving ambulance diagnoses food poisoning and leaves the little patient at home, giving the parents recommendations and a list of medications to normalize well-being (Rehydron to restore water-salt balance, Smecta for a mild adsorbing effect). Having discovered a hard abdomen in a child, girdle pain or incessant vomiting with diarrhea, he is hospitalized for a full examination and treatment of the identified disease.

A child who is vomiting bile may be treated differently depending on the diagnosis:

If functional gastrointestinal disorders are detected, choleretic agents will be prescribed: Flamin, Berberine.
To improve the functioning of the digestive system, Cerucal and Motilium are prescribed.
Antispasmodics will help reduce the frequency of contractions of the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract: Noshpa, Spasmol.
You can get rid of an intestinal infection with the help of antibiotics (strictly as prescribed by your doctor).
Some babies require a mild sedative to reduce anxiety: Persen, Tenoten.

Drastic measures may be needed in acute pathological conditions: volvulus, acute attack of cholecystitis that is not subject to conservative treatment, intestinal obstruction, appendicitis. In these and some other cases, it is necessary to perform an emergency or planned operation to remove a section of the intestine affected by necrosis or even the entire gallbladder (cholecystectomy).

Some herbs have choleretic properties, from which you can make decoctions and add them to your child’s tea. We offer several recipes, which are recommended to be used with the permission of a doctor.

Mix immortelle or angelica leaves with chamomile flowers. Take 1 tsp. mixture, pour 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 15 minutes. The child should drink this during the day before meals, so it can be divided into 3 doses.

Squeeze the juice of one lime and 100 g of cranberries. Dilute the resulting mixture (1 tbsp 100 ml of water) and give it to the child before meals.

Brew rosehip flowers and fruits (200 g) in a liter thermos and add to your child’s tea in a 50/50 ratio. Drink between meals.

Advice! Do not tell your child that you are giving him a medicinal drink, otherwise he will reject it at the subconscious level without even trying it. It's better to disguise it as regular tea by adding sugar or jam.

The duration of use of the listed folk recipes is 10 days. Remember that this is an auxiliary treatment that does not cancel the main one prescribed by the doctor.

The first few days after vomiting bile should be as gentle as possible on the stomach. The child will have to adhere to a diet that excludes fatty, smoked, fried and canned foods. All food is at room temperature, and soda (especially colored soda: Pepsi, Fanta, Tarragon) should be temporarily prohibited from drinks.

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It is not difficult to comply with the diet requirements: various side dishes (cereals, potatoes, pasta), light soups, porridges, and salads are allowed. The cutlets must be steamed. You can give boiled lean fish. Sweets are allowed if they are low-fat (cakes with cream are not allowed).

When this happens to children, they are too weak and defenseless to make decisions. Usually the poor things lie down, periodically vomit and follow the instructions of their parents, who should not:

leaving the child alone;
give untested medications without a doctor’s prescription;
refuse hospitalization if emergency doctors recommend doing so;
forcefully stuff the little victim with food, believing that this will help gain strength;
scream at the child, blaming him for what happened.

To minimize the risk of vomiting bile in a child, you should feed him properly. It is unlikely that it will be possible to ban fast food, because fast food cafes are everywhere, but the consumption of harmful foods should be limited. Personal example is the first step on the path to success.

To avoid emergency conditions that manifest as vomiting of bile, you need to regularly undergo medical examination with your child and not ignore his complaints of abdominal pain. All symptoms should be taken into account and analyzed.

Vomiting with bile is not only dangerous, but also unpleasant, so parents should do everything to prevent this from happening to their child. Seeing a doctor and proper nutrition are two principles that will help reduce the risks of such a symptom and associated pathologies.

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Vomiting in babies can occur due to the fact that all organs and systems of the body are not fully formed. An infection that enters an immature digestive system will cause a more violent reaction in a child’s body than in an adult. Eating fatty, salty or sour foods the day before can cause yellow vomit in a child.

There may be several reasons why a child may vomit bile. The main ones include:

Poisoning that occurred. Intoxication could be caused by poor-quality food, taking medications to which the child has an individual intolerance, etc. The temperature ranged from 37.5, 38.5 degrees.
Cholecystitis. It occurs as a result of the inflammatory process in the gallbladder, and the subsequent failure of its normal functioning. The disease is characterized by excessive production of bile, which, when it enters the stomach, provokes irritation and a gag reflex.
Wrong diet. The body may react with nausea and vomiting to foods that are not appropriate for the child’s age. The enzymes present in the baby’s body cannot fully process heavy, salty, fatty foods. Against the background of their retention in the gastrointestinal tract, the fermentation process occurs. This causes vomiting.
Infection. When harmful microorganisms penetrate, the body reacts to the infection, which contains bile.
Viral hepatitis. This disease is characterized by liver damage. Hepatitis in the acute stage is accompanied by vomiting streaked with blood and bile.
Acute appendicitis. It is accompanied not only by gagging, but also by loose stools, the frequency of which reaches 7–10 times a day.
Intestinal obstruction. This pathology requires urgent contact with a specialist who will prescribe the necessary treatment.

If vomiting occurs, you should immediately call an ambulance. Before the doctors arrive, it is necessary to calm the small child, provide him with peace and temporarily stop his physical activity.

Rinse the stomach with warm clean water. Offer your child to drink in small sips. The amount of liquid drunk should be at least three glasses;
Give your child activated charcoal. Crush the tablets (1 tablet per 10 kilograms of body weight is calculated) and dissolve in 100 ml of water. An alternative is smecta. Mix 1 packet in a glass of water. Divide the reception into several times.
Put the baby to bed. Place a pillow under your head so that your head is higher than your body. It is forbidden to place the baby on his back. This can cause choking on vomit. It is allowed to place the child on the right side to prevent a rush of bile.
If the child's condition is accompanied by fever, give him an antipyretic (nurofen syrup, analdim suppositories, children's paracetamol in syrup). At a temperature below 37.4 degrees, there is no need to give an antipyretic.

While the medical team is waiting, you should not leave the little patient alone, feed him, or perform gastric lavage with saline or manganese solution.

Vomiting of bile in a child without fever can occur due to improper latching on the breast during feeding. When breastfeeding, a large amount of air enters the baby's stomach, which causes vomiting. If the baby does not feed on the mother’s breast, but on formula, vomiting can be caused by ordinary overeating or an excessive number of feedings per day, which is not appropriate for the child’s age.

The incessant urge to empty the stomach should cause concern for parents. And also if the baby’s vomit has a green tint and contains mucus. This may be a consequence of pyloric stenosis. This disease is caused by the pathological structure of the opening that connects the intestines to the stomach. It can be so narrow that it will be an obstacle even for food in liquid form.

If your baby has a hard stomach, vomiting does not stop, stool contains bloody inclusions, or the body temperature is elevated, you should immediately consult a doctor.

The threat to the health and life of the baby increases if its age does not exceed 12 months. Self-medication can worsen the child's condition. Therefore, calling an ambulance is mandatory. Timely diagnosis of vomiting will help in treatment, which will relieve the baby from the consequences of vomiting on his health.

If, after a doctor’s examination and tests, any disease is detected, the baby will be admitted to the hospital for further treatment. It will consist of the following points:

taking rehydration medications. They will restore the disturbed water-electrolyte balance of the body. One of these drugs is rehydron;
antibacterial drugs. Indicated in case of diagnosis of intestinal infection. Azithromycin and cefixime have proven themselves well;
taking sorbents. They are good at removing toxins and other harmful substances from the body. In addition to activated carbon and smecta, children can drink atoxil and enterosgel. The dosage is prescribed by the attending physician;
antispasmodic drugs. They are able to eliminate painful sensations that appear against the background of smooth muscle spasm. For young children, it is permissible to use no-shpa or drotaverine;
Motilium and Cerucal are used as drugs that will stop vomiting in a child.

If you provide a sick child with first aid and medical care in a timely manner, you can confidently hope for a speedy recovery without further health consequences. In severe cases, treatment is carried out in hospital. If vomiting occurs in an infant or premature baby, treatment of even a mild degree of the disease should be in a hospital under round-the-clock medical supervision.

You can restore a child’s digestive system when vomiting bile using traditional medicine methods. However, do not forget that the treatment is carried out on very young children, and such methods also have contraindications. Therefore, you should first consult with your pediatrician.

These treatment methods include:

juice from vegetables. It is recommended to combine potato, cabbage and carrot juice;
pumpkin seeds. They help normalize bile production. Children over three years old can be given up to five seeds every day;
flax seeds. Restores digestion and pancreatic function. The decoction will require 50 g of seeds. Pour water over them and boil for 45 minutes over low heat. Drink 1 teaspoon before meals every morning;
dill infusion Pour 250 ml of boiling water over a spoon of grated greens and let it brew for 3 hours. Regular intake will relieve the baby from bloating;
beet juice Eliminates bile stagnation, improves the condition after repeated vomiting. Grind the boiled beets and squeeze through cheesecloth. Drink juice 1 tsp. twice a day half an hour before meals.

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Treatment

Therapy will initially depend on the severity of the process. In the case when the child vomited once and his health does not suffer, nothing special needs to be done, there is no need for intensive treatment. If vomiting is repeated, signs of dehydration appear, the baby’s condition worsens, and drug treatment is necessary. Therapy will include both general principles, which are the same for any vomiting of bile, and specific ones, which depend on the etiology of the condition.

Algorithm for the general approach:

Gastric lavage.
Rehydration therapy, which replaces fluid loss through vomiting. If the child’s condition is satisfactory, oral rehydration is carried out, he is given salted water, tea, and rosehip decoction to drink. If internal fluid intake is not possible, infusion therapy is prescribed, that is, intravenous drip administration of saline solutions such as saline or Ringer.
Prescription of sorbents that are capable of removing toxic substances and cleansing the body, for example, Enterosgel.
During an attack and even after it, it is necessary to follow a diet that is appropriate for the child’s age.

Specific treatment, which directly depends on the cause, is prescribed after a complete examination of the child and establishment of a clinical diagnosis.

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Causes of baby vomiting

Thanks to the protective reflex function, hazardous substances are removed and the baby’s digestive system is cleansed. The factor of vomiting in infants is based on the formation of the digestive system. In older children it can be caused by a number of diseases.

Vomiting of bile in a small child is caused by various factors:

Infectious infections, viral inflammation of the stomach and intestines.
Violation of child nutrition rules. Eating stale food, incompatible foods, too sweet, spicy, fatty foods.
Psychological stress caused by nervous problems.
Disease of internal organs: kidneys, liver, inflamed gall bladder, etc.

Vomiting in babies is a serious signal of health problems. Vomiting bile indicates a number of diseases associated with the gastrointestinal tract (digestive tract), such as gastritis or cholecystitis. High temperature, systematic vomiting, nausea are good reasons to consult a doctor as soon as possible to prevent complications.

Prevention of bile vomiting

In order to minimize the chances of the baby experiencing this kind of symptoms. Parents need to adhere to the following simple but very effective rules aimed at preventing pathological changes in the gallbladder and the appearance of attacks of bile vomiting without signs of fever:

properly organize the child’s diet, avoid overeating or long breaks between meals;
attach the baby tightly to the breast so that there is sufficient fixation of his lips with the surface of the nipple (this will not allow him to swallow air, the presence of which causes an upset stomach);
control the amount of food eaten;
if the child is older, then it is necessary to saturate his diet with foods that are moderate in fat content;
Give your baby only purified or boiled water to drink, avoiding even the slightest possibility of infectious microorganisms getting in with the raw liquid.

It is also very important to ensure that the child goes to the toilet regularly and does not experience constipation, since feces can have a toxic effect on the baby’s body and provoke intoxication with vomiting of bile masses. Especially if there have been cases of hereditary transmission of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the family.

First aid for a child

The main principle of normalizing the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is to adjust the diet so that the stomach is restored. If the parent knows the causes of stomach problems, they need to be eliminated. With occasional vomiting, dietary nutrition and increased fluid intake are necessary.

Tips on how to help your baby:

Calm the child, wash his face with cool water, give a small amount of liquid to rinse the mouth.
Provide increased fluid intake (1-1.5 liters) of cold drinks. In small quantities and often. Suitable drinks are bottled mineral water, sweetened water (20 g of sugar per liter), children's tea, rehydration solution.
Create an optimal diet. Do not feed anything other than liquids for the first few hours. Later add unsweetened cookies, rice, potatoes, pasta, ripe banana, meat broth (without fat). Eliminate milk, fatty foods, mixed juices.
Don't force your child to eat. Offer food often and in small portions.
Monitor the general condition of the baby and body temperature.
Follow your child’s daily routine to restore his mental state. A psychological disorder may indicate problems with the nervous system. Stress can cause angina pectoris, which provokes gag reflexes.
If the condition worsens, seek medical help immediately.

In what cases is it necessary to consult a doctor immediately?

Vomiting can cause great harm to the baby's health. Properly prescribed treatment and doctor’s recommendations will help improve the baby’s well-being and relieve him of the feeling of nausea and eliminate the cause of vomiting.

Mandatory medical assistance, hospitalization may be required if vomiting:

Bloody, yellow discharge appears.
Associated with head trauma, possible concussion.
The child has increasing abdominal pain, spasms at intervals, the abdomen is hard, inflamed, and painful.
The baby is apathetic, sleepy, if his eyes are flooded.
Rejects fluid and stops urinating.
Often nausea, a sudden attack of vomiting appears.
Poor health is accompanied by a headache with fever.
There is diarrhea (possibly green).
The diet does not help, the baby continues to vomit, food comes out.
Accompanied by a temperature above 38C.
A dangerous symptom is dehydration (dry mouth, decreased salivation, accelerated pulse, irregular breathing rhythm, disorientation, lost gaze, no tears when crying, the child is irritable, quiet, if babies have a slightly swollen large fontanelle, daytime sleep lasts more than 4 hours , while the baby may not have a temperature).

What should parents do?

First aid

Examine the baby's tummy: is there any bloating?
Ask your child, if he can speak, whether his stomach hurts, whether he feels sick or not.
If there is no swelling and the temperature does not rise, then poisoning may be occurring. First aid for poisoning is to give the baby a 1% saline solution, which will induce vomiting. Then give an enterosorbent, which will help the digestive tract cleanse itself of pathogenic microflora and toxins, cover the intestines with a protective film, and absorb gases, preventing bloating and flatulence.
You can very carefully palpate the baby's tummy, observing his reaction. Based on where the grimace of pain appears, you can judge what caused the problem. The right hypochondrium is the gallbladder or liver, the iliac region is the stomach or pancreas. The left or right side is slightly lower - colon diverticulosis is possible. Then you need to urgently call an ambulance.

Should I call a doctor?

Vomiting of bile in a child with fever does not stop; each intake of liquid causes a new attack.
A high temperature has risen (above 38.5°C) and does not fall.
The baby's belly is swollen and painful, causing crying.
Vomiting bile is accompanied by diarrhea and high fever. There is nothing to think about; you need to urgently call a doctor or an ambulance.

In these cases, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Drug therapy

If a child is vomiting bile, then without diagnosis it is better to refrain from unauthorized “prescribing” of medications.

But there are universal drugs:

Rehydrants – Rehydron or Trihydrosol, which you should always have in your first aid kit. These solutions will help prevent dehydration in children and adults.
Enterosorbents. There are several types of enterosorbents, each of which performs certain protective functions for gastrointestinal disorders. Carbon enterosorbents are the most common of them (Activated carbon, Sorbex, White carbon, etc.).
Silicon-containing sorbents in the form of powder or paste, for example, Enterosgel, can even be given to infants by stirring them in milk. This sorbent removes endogenous and exogenous toxins from the gastrointestinal tract, formed during the life of pathogenic microflora, without affecting the beneficial intestinal microflora.

Hospital procedures

Gastric lavage using a tube in case of severe poisoning.
An enema or Esmarch mug is given to a child to cleanse the intestines in order to conduct further studies of the gastrointestinal tract.

This is where all procedures end until the reasons are clarified.

Diet recommendations

When the child’s vomiting stops, he should be fed only on demand, in small portions, avoiding the following foods:

drinks containing caffeine;
sparkling water and sweets;
fatty, heavy foods.

Surgery

Abdominal surgery. The abdominal cavity is opened and the twisted intestine is untwisted or part of the intestine affected by necrosis is removed.
Laparoscopy method. A puncture is made in the peritoneum and a laparoscope is inserted - a device equipped with a television camera, a light source and surgical manipulative instruments. This is a gentle surgical method. Thanks to this method, bloodless operations are performed to remove the appendix, gall bladder, etc.

Folk remedies

If a child has had a one-time vomiting of bile, folk remedies can be given to soothe irritated mucous membranes of the digestive organs.

Recipes for infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs:

Infusion of chamomile and angelica. 1 tsp. Infuse herbs in a glass of boiling water for 1.5-2 hours, take 10-15 ml three times a day 30 minutes before meals.
Brew dill seeds (1 tsp) in 200 ml of boiling water. Drink 1 tbsp. l. before eating.
Brew rose hips in a thermos overnight. 1 tbsp per 0.5 liter of water. Give your child water between meals.

How to treat vomiting of bile in children

Vomiting is a protective reflex of the body, regardless of how old a person is. Feeling nauseous, even for an adult, is an unpleasant experience. The first and main rule of treatment is that all prescriptions and medications should only be taken with the doctor’s permission; do not self-medicate. Therapy depends on the underlying disease.

If the cause is food poisoning, then gastric lavage is performed. At home, the procedure is done using warm boiled water. After washing, be sure to give an antiemetic.

If vomiting is associated with a head injury, lay the child horizontally, maintain bed rest, and a doctor's examination is necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

There are traditional ways to ease the feeling of nausea and reduce vomiting in children. Medicinal plants that have choleretic, antispasmodic, and antimicrobial effects are used.

Herbal teas are brewed from peppermint leaves, immortelle, and chamomile flowers. Give the baby a decoction 4-5 times a day, 30-50 ml before meals. The course of treatment is 10 days.
It is recommended to make slightly sweetened drinks with lemon and cranberries.
Ginger tea helps relieve nausea.
Dill water helps cope with the feeling of nausea and can help reduce gas formation in the stomach.
Steam valerian root with boiling water and place on low heat for 10-12 minutes. Give the solution 2 times a day, 1 small spoon.

Attention! If you do not know the exact reason, it is forbidden to use traditional methods.

After examination and tests, the doctor makes a diagnosis. Based on this, the following groups of drugs are prescribed:

Antiemetics. Children may be prescribed the following medications: Bromoprid, Cerucal.
Antispasmodics are used for stomach pain. No-shpa and Drotaverin-Forte are prescribed for children.
Sorbents cleanse the body of toxic compounds. Use activated carbon, Smecta, Enterosgel, Polysorb, Laktofiltrum.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed for intestinal infections: Azithromycin, Nifuroxazide, Cefix.
Rehydration drugs to prevent dehydration: Glucosolan, Normohydron, Regidron.

Every year new medications appear. The use of drugs is permitted only after an accurate diagnosis has been determined by a competent physician.